LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Potassium: Potassium Chloride
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Potassium chloride is the most common K source used in Minnesota. Red, pink, and white forms are available. These materials are equivalent as sources of K. The color in 0-0-60 is due to iron impurities that have no effect on the availability of K for crop growth. Most of the potassium chloride used in the United States is mined from underground deposits in Saskatchewan. Some is mined in the western United States.
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Potassium chloride is in the class of drugs called potassium supplements which are used to treat low potassium conditions (hypokalemia) or prevent them from occurring. Potassium is the principal positive ion inside of the cells of the body and is used in nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and normal kidney function. Brand names of potassium chloride include K-Dur, K-Lor, K-Tab, Kaon CL, Klorvess, Slow-K, Ten-K, Klotrix, K-Lyte CL and many others.
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Potassium metal is produced commercially by a thermochemical process in which molten potassium chloride is reacted with sodium vapor; this method is ... used to produce liquid sodium-potassium alloys. The metal may be produced electrolytically from fused potassium hydroxide, but, unlike sodium and lithium, it reacts with carbon electrodes and may form explosive compounds. Potassium was discovered in 1807 by Humphry Davy, who decomposed potash with an electric current. Potassium was the first metal so discovered; Davy discovered sodium a few days later by a similar experiment.
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Potassium chloride preparations are ... available by prescription in a vast array of formulations (timed-release tablets, liquids, powders, and effervescent tablets) and flavors. Potassium salts are commonly prescribed by physicians in the dosage range of 1.5 g to 3 g per day. However, potassium salts can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and ulcers when given in pill form at high dosage levels. These effects are not seen when potassium levels are increased through diet only. This difference highlights the advantages of using foods or food-based potassium supplements to meet the human body’s high potassium requirements.
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Potassium bicarbonate, Khco 3, is obtained when carbonic acid is passed through a cold solution of the ordinary carbonate as long as it is absorbed. Any silicate present is ... converted into bicarbonate with elimination of silica, which must be filtered off. The filtrate is evaporated at a temperature not exceeding 60° or at most 70° C.; after sufficient concentration it deposits on cooling anhydrous crystals of the salt, while the potassium chloride, which may be present as an impurity, remains mostly in the motherliquor; the rest is easily removed by repeated recrystallization. If an absolutely pure preparation is wanted it is best to follow Water and start with the "black flux" produced by the ignition of pure bitartrate. The flux is moistened with water and exposed to a current of carbonic acid, which, on account of the condensing action of the charcoal, is absorbed with great avidity. The bicarbonate forms large monoclinic prisms, permanent in the air.
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Potassium was discovered in 1807 by Davy, who obtained it from caustic potash; this was the first metal isolated by electrolysis. The metal is the seventh most abundant element and makes up about 2.4% of the earth's crust by weight. Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils. Potassium is never found free in nature, but is obtained by electrolysis of its hydroxides, much in the same manner as prepared by Davy. It is the lightest known metal, and is soft and easily cut with a knife. Many Potassium salts are of utmost importance, including the hydroxide, nitrate, carbonate, chloride, bromide, iodide, cyanide, sulfate, chromate, and dichromate.
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Potassium Chloride