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Plato: Writings
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Plato, like Democritus, was an atomist. But whereas Democritean atoms were of all different shapes and sizes, Plato’s came in just two varieties: isosceles and scalene. In this respect, Plato’s theory was far more elegant than that of Democritus. As Vlastos comments (Plato’s Universe, pp. 93-4):
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The age of the Plato walled-plain is about 3 billion years; younger than the Mare Imbrium to the south. The rim is irregular with 2-km-tall jagged peaks that project prominent shadows across the crater floor when the sun is at a low angle. Sections of the inner wall display signs of past slumping, most notably a large triangular slide along the western side. The rim of Plato is circular, but from the Earth it appears oval due to foreshortening.
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The flat floor of Plato crater has a relatively low albedo, making it appear dark in comparison to the surrounding rugged terrain. The floor is free of significant impact craters and lacks a central peak. However there are a few small craterlets scattered across the floor.
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A collection of previously published articles by various authors on interpretive problems and on Plato's middle and later periods. Plato's early period dialogues are covered in this series by Prior 1996 (see VIII.4).
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Latest additions to the site: Plato: a page that shows what a "book" might have looked like in Plato's time. Also, for those who read French: a "vocabulary" section with studies of words of significant importance for the understanding of Plato; a commented translation in French of the first part of the Parmenides (Parmenides, 126a1-137c3: Prologue, dialogue between Socrates and Zeno, dialogue between Socrates and Parmenides); a commented translation in French of [T]he Meno and of several sections of the Republic (end of book V: science and opinion; end of book VI: sun and good, analogy of the line; all of book VII: allegory of the cave, etc.); see ... history of updates -- Tools: new and updated entries on Ionia, Doris, Æolis, Phocis, Libya, Phoenicia and more, and also on Atlas and Atlantis, Prometheus and Epimetheus, plus a new map of Athens intra-muros in the time of Socrates and Plato. Also an entry on Athens enriched with a more fully developed section on mythological traditions on its legendarty kings, plus detailed maps of the Agora and the Acropolis, and a comparative chronology of Greek and modern thinkers and politicians to give you a more "concrete" feel for the scale of time involved with Plato and Socrates.
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Although Sophistic doctrines aimed at producing happiness for man, Plato believed that they produced the exact opposite because of the erroneous view of human nature implicit in them. Human happiness can result only from the fulfillment of man's real nature. In Plato's view, the average man mistakenly identified his self-interest with the satisfaction of his irrational desires, whereas man's real self-interest and fulfillment of his true nature lay in the control of the irrational desires by reason. Therefore, Plato was determined to show that it is a violation of man's true nature to allow irrational desires to dominate reason. He believed that the supremacy of the irrational results in immorality and unhappiness. If this could be established, morality would be shown to have its sanction in human nature.
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