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Plato: Aristotle Metaph
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Plato was an opponent of the relativism and scepticism of the Sophists; but, like them he focused on values rather than on physical science. Aristotle credits Socrates with emphasizing moral questions and precise definitions; and Plato surely absorbed these lessons.
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Plato's influence is universal. It extends from his first great disciple and critic Aristotle, through the Stoics into Christian theology via Philo Judaeus and Thomas Aquinas and into various Platonist and neo-Platonist movements of the Renaissance. Both rationalist and empiricist schools owe much to Plato for merging two opposing strands of Greek thought -- the logical one of Parmenides, and the flux of Heraclitus -- into one metaphysical thesis.
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Plato once advertised a lecture on the Good. A large audience collected expecting to hear about the good things they valued—health, wealth, and material happiness. When they found themselves listening to a discourse on mathematics in which they were told that the Good is Limit (peras), they went away contemptuous and angry. This was a favourite story of Aristotle, who drew from it the moral that a prospective audience should always be told in advance what a lecture is really going to be about.
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Plato's thought is often compared with that of his best and most famous student, Aristotle, whose reputation during the western Middle Ages so completely eclipsed that of Plato that the Scholastic philosophers referred to Aristotle as "the Philosopher." Contrarily, in the Byzantine Empire the study of Plato continued.
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When Plato died, in 347 B.C., leadership of the Academy passed not to Aristotle who had been a student and then teacher there for twenty years, but to Plato's nephew Speusippus. The Academy continued for several more centuries.
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Plato may have traveled in Italy, Sicily, Egypt and Cyrene. some... say that it received its name from an ancient hero" ,[26] and it operated until 529 AD, when it was closed by Justinian I of Byzantium, who saw it as a threat to the propagation of Christianity. Many intellectuals were schooled in the Academy, the most prominent one being Aristotle.[27]
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Aristotle Metaph