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Philip Ii of France: Philippe Ii
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Philip II Augustus (French: Philippe Auguste) (21 August1165 – 14 July 1223) was the King of France from 1180 until his death. A member of the House of Capet, Philip Augustus was born at Gonesse in the Val-d'Oise, the son of Louis VII and his third wife, Adela of Champagne. He was originally nicknamed Dieudonné — the God-given — as he was the first son of Louis VII late in his father's life.
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Philippe II was the first powerful Capetian king and more than doubled his domains by conquering parts of Flanders and by taking English possessions on the Continent (Angevin domains). By his victory at the battle of Bouvins in 1214 he established France as a mahor power. He ... instituted administrative reforms and allowed prosecution of the Albigensians.
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Philippe II of France held a meeting in Normandy to discuss invading England. This forced John to abandon his own plans of invading Normandy as he could not risk moving his army abroad when the French were about to attack. The planned French invasion never materialised.
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Philippe II had divorced his spouse Ingeborg of Denmark to marry Agnès de Méranie, so that the marriage and his posterity were considered as illegitimate. This is the reason, after the death of Agnès de Méranie, Philippe II requested that pope Innocent III legitimize their two children, a request to which the Pope acquiesced.
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At le Goulet on the River Seine Philippe II signed a peace treaty with John providing two years of peace. The agreement recognised John as overlord of most of the English owned lands in France, but John had to give Philippe the lands of Norman Vexin and Evreux and a large sum of money.
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