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Pawnee Indians
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The Pawnee Indians are a native North American tribe. Sometimes known as the Paneassa, Pari, or Pariki, the Pawnees could be found along the Platte, Loup, and Republican Rivers of what is now known as Nebraska. They often called themselves “chaticks-si-chaticks,” which means “men of men.” Their tribe consisted of four bands: Chaui (Grand), Kitkehahki (Republican), Pitahauerat (Tappage), and Skidi (Wolf). The Chaui are recognized as the leading tribe.
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When the Pawnee Indians were being moved from their homeland in Nebraska to Indian Territory in the 1870’s, several of them made a winter camp near Wellington. Gordon spent many hours with them, learning their skills and language. He met Blue Hawk, a tribal elder, and they became good friends.
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Of all the Plains tribes, Pawnee Indians had the greatest presence on the line. Friendly to the American government and bitter enemies of the Sioux, the tribe welcomed the Union Pacific to their lands. The railroad offered Pawnee people free passage on its work trains, which the natives gladly accepted. In exchange, they staged mock raids and battles for visiting dignitaries at UP executive Thomas C. Durant's lavish 100th Meridian Excursion party. Under army Major Frank North, a uniformed battalion of 800 Pawnee men patrolled the railroad to protect crews and livestock from Sioux raiders. Their presence as a deterrent was quite effective.
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The men and women of the Pawnee Indians had very distinctive roles in every day life. The mature women did most of the labor while the younger women would learn the responsibilities and what was expected of them. The older women were in charge of looking after the younger children of the tribe while the other women worked. The men were divided into three groups: the medicine men/priests, the warriors and the hunters. The Pawnee Indians practiced a religion that tried to maintain a balance between the gods and nature. To have a good crop, they planted them according to the position of the stars, as they equated the stars with the gods.
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Of all the games played by men among the Pawnee Indians, none was so popular as the stick game. This was an athletic contest between pairs of young men, and tested their fleetness, their eyesight, and their skill in throwing the stick. The implements used were a ring six inches in diameter, made of buffalo rawhide, and two elaborate and highly ornamented slender sticks, one for each player. One of the two contestants rolled the ring over a smooth prepared course, and when it had been set in motion the players ran after it side by side, each one trying to throw his stick through the ring. This was not often done, but the players constantly hit the ring with their sticks and knocked it down, so that it ceased to roll. The system of counting was by points, and was somewhat complicated, but in general terms it may be said that the player whose stick lay nearest the ring gained one or more points.
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The Pawnee Indians... known as the Paneassa, Pari, or Pariki, are native to the Platte, Loup, and Republican Rivers of Nebraska. Their tribe consisted of four distinct bands: Chaui (Grand or leading tribe), Kitkehahki (Republican), Pitahauerat (Tappage), and Skidi (Wolf). Moreover, the men were divided into three groups: the medicine men/priests, the warriors and the hunters. The men and women of the Pawnee Indians had very distinctive roles in every day life. The mature women did most of the labor while the younger women would learn while watching the elders. The older women were also of course, in charge of looking after the younger children of the tribe while the other women worked. Likewise, the women of the Pawnee Indian tribe were in charge of cooking. The Pawnee Indians staple foods were corn (maize), beans, pumpkins, and squash.
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Pawnee Indians