LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Pascal (Language): Mac Pascal
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A free copy of the complete Dr. Pascal system in either a Mac or PC compatible version is available to qualified instructors upon adoption of this text, while supplies last. A coupon that allows students to buy the complete Dr. Pascal system at a discounted price is include at the end of this book.
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Pascal was defined in 1970 by Prof. Niklaus Wirth (a member of the original group that created Algol) at ETH Zurich ,the Swiss Federal Institute Of Technology. Pascal left out some of the obscure features of Algol and added capabilities to define new complex data types based on existing simpler data types. It ... added support for dynamic data structures. One of the main reasons for Algol's unpoplularity was the lack of compilers for different platforms. Wirth avoided such a problem by creating a compiler which generated an intermediate platform-independent object code called p-code, interpreted by a virtual machine or converted to native code by another program. So only the virtual machine or the object-code-to-native-code converter had to be written for any platform instead of writing a new compiler for each one.
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The Pascal language was named for Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician who was a pioneer in computer development history. In 1641, at the age of eighteen, Pascal constructed the first arithmetical machine, arguably the first computer. He would improve upon the instrument eight years later. In 1650, Pascal left the world of geometry and physics, and shifted his focus towards religious studies, or, as Pascal wrote, to "contemplate the greatness and the misery of man." Pascal died in Paris on August 19, 1662.
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Pascal was given its name to honor Blaise Pascal. Pascal, a French born mathematician and physicist, helped to pioneer computer development. He is credited with designing the first arithmetical machine in 1641, often considered the first ancestor of modern computers. He was ... a religious philosopher.
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The first Pascal compiler written in North America was constructed at the University of Illinois under Donald B. Gillies for the PDP-11 and generated native machine code. Pascal enjoyed great popularity throughout the 1970s and the 1980s.
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Chapters 0--12 define the language Pascal and serve as a standard for both the implementor and the programmer. The implementor must regard the task of recognizing Standard Pascal as the minimum requirement of his system, while the programmer who intends his programs to be transferable from one installation to another should use only features described as Standard Pascal. On the other hand, any implementation may (and usually does) go beyond the minimum. Chapters 13 and 14 document the implementation of Pascal on the CDC 6000 machine. Chapter 13 describes the additional features of the language PASCAL 6000, whereas chapter 14 is devoted to the use of the compiler and the system under the operating system SCOPE.
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