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Ogg
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Ogg is an open and standardized bitstream container format designed for streaming and manipulation. It was developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation. The file format can multiplex a number of separate independent open source CODECs for audio, video and text (e.g., subtitles). Ogg's various CODECs have been incorporated into a number of different free and commercial media players as well as portable media players from different manufacturers. [Search for OGG file errors with this scan.]
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Ogg is a multimedia container format, and the native file and stream format for the Xiph.org multimedia codecs. As with all Xiph.org technology is it an open format free for anyone to use.
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Ogg bitstreams multiplex multiple logical streams into a single physical stream at the page level. Each page contains an abstract time stamp (the Granule Position) that represents an absolute time landmark within the stream. After the pages representing stream headers (all logical stream headers occur at the beginning of a physical bitstream section before any logical stream data), logical stream data pages are arranged in strict, monotonically increasing order of chronological absolute time as specified by the granule position.
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In addition to the header flag marking the first and last pages of a logical bitstream, the first page of an Ogg bitstream obeys additional restrictions. Each individual media mapping specifies its own implementation details regarding these restrictions.
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The alternative is to treat native FLAC frames as Ogg packets and accept the transport redundancy. It turns out that this is not much of a penalty; a maximum of 12 bytes per frame will be wasted. Given the common case of stereo CD audio encoded with a blocksize of 4096 samples, a compressed frame will be 4-16 Kbytes. The redundancy amounts to a fraction of a percent.
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Logical streams within a physical Ogg stream belong to one of two categories, "Continuous" streams and "Discontinuous" streams. Although these are discussed in more detail later, the distinction is important to a high-level understanding of how to buffer an Ogg stream.
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Ogg