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1. Nuclear Proliferation -- Nuclear Weapons
   Founded in 1981, the Nuclear Control Institute (NCI) is an independent research and advocacy center specializing in problems of nuclear proliferation. Non-partisan and non-profit, NCI monitors nuclear activities worldwide and pursues strategies to halt the spread and reverse the growth of nuclear weapons. NCI focuses in particular on the urgency of eliminating atom-bomb materials -- plutonium and highly enriched uranium -- from civilian nuclear power and research programs. Further information about NCI is available on the organization's Web site, www.nci.org.
2. Waste Management -- Companies
   In a stunning event just about to be lost to history, Waste Management disclosed two weeks ago that its former executives and its auditors at Arthur Andersen made repeated mistakes that inflated earnings reports to investors beginning in 1992. They were ... reporting inflated values for assets including abandoned development projects and worn-out garbage trucks and dumpsters. The accounting mistakes and asset write-downs amounted to $ 3.5 billion pretax, or more than 40% of the pretax profit the company had reported those years. Also among the mistakes: botching an earlier accounting correction and keeping for more than a year businesses reported as discontinued.
3. Nuclear Disarmament
   Now, the discussion can be narrowed to whether the U.S., Russia, China, France and U.K. are honoring the spirit of their NPT commitments to pursue nuclear disarmament in good faith. This is a divisive debate that is decades old. The U.S. asserted at an NPT meeting on April 29, 2004 that:
4. Springfield Nuclear Power Plant
   Springfield Nuclear Power Plant is a fictional nuclear power plant in the television animated cartoon series The Simpsons. The plant, owned by Charles Montgomery Burns, is located at 100 Industrial Way. The plant has a monopoly on the city of Springfield's energy supply, and the carelessness of Mr. Burns and the plant's employees often endangers the residents and natural environment of Springfield.
5. Plants -- Nuclear Power Plants
   In some countries in the past (notably the U.S.), changes in licensing, inspection and certification of nuclear power plants added delays and construction costs to their construction. However, the regulatory processes for siting, licensing, and constructing have been standardized since their introduction, streamlining the construction of newer and safer designs.
6. Plutonium -- Nuclear Weapons
   Plutonium is the main ingredient in the core or trigger of a nuclear weapon, known as a plutonium pit. At the same time that the detection of plutonium is being reported, LANL is once again taking its place as the nations plutonium pit manufacturing facility. Dignitaries were invited to a celebration for certifying the first plutonium pit to be accepted by the government for use in the nation's nuclear-weapons stockpile since 1989, when Rocky Flats was raided by the FBI for environmental crimes. According to Nuclear Watch New Mexico, a Santa Fe based NGO, this new pit cost approximately $2.2 billion.
7. Nuclear Chain Reaction -- Uranium
   In 1936, Szilárd attempted to create a chain reaction using beryllium and indium, but was unsuccessful. In 1939, Szilárd and Enrico Fermi discovered neutron multiplication in uranium, proving that a chain reaction was indeed possible.
8. Nuclear Weapon -- United States
   Strengthening Long-Term Nuclear Security: Protecting Weapon-Usable Material in Russia approach to MPC&A cooperation should be one of partnership, with Russian counterparts being the lead partners. Only then will Russian support for implemented procedures be deeply internalized and self-sustaining. In this regard, Russian specialists supported by facility managers and security personnel should now lead: (1) the design of MPC&A systems that are to be installed at Russian facilities; (2) the selection of equipment for these systems; (3) vulnerability assessment exercises (known in the United States, but not in Russia, as “Red Team” exercises) and related exercises to test and validate the effectiveness of the systems; and (4) verification that indigenization is incorporated into all activities. Both governments need to give strong support to material conversion and consolidation activities within the MPC&A and related cooperative programs, such as the establishment of the Mayak Fissile Material Storage Facility, constructed under the DOD CTR program, and the plutonium disposition program supported by DOE. The objective is to reduce the amount of weapon-usable material stored at Russian facilities and to consolidate the remaining material into fewer facilities and fewer locations within facilities. Joint efforts to reduce the enrichment of many tons of HEU to low enriched uranium (LEU) that can be used in civilian power reactors is an excellent example of a program that can reduce MPC&A requirements at some facilities.
9. Chernobyl -- Chernobyl Nuclear
   The Chernobyl experiment may have been a critical starting point for Moscow in the implementation of a long-term plan, maybe of 20 years or so, geared to fight and win a nuclear war against the West. In order to prepare for surviving such a war, the Kremlin first wanted to test procedures and equipment that had been designed during the Cold War years to counter radioactive contamination and poisoning following a nuclear war. Also, Communist leaders realized the need to garner knowledge about the immediate and lasting effects of radioactive contamination on people, vegetation and livestock. Accordingly, during the mid-1980's, when Kremlin authorities decided to implement a multi-year plan that would end in a nuclear war against the West, they chose to first stage a major nuclear disaster in the Ukraine as a useful preparatory experiment. From this diabolical experiment, Russian scientists, assisted by the West, have gathered a wealth of knowledge about the short-term and longer-term effects of radiation on people, plants and animals. Furthermore, the most effective equipment and procedures have been developed for dealing with radioactive contamination and poisoning.
10. Shirley Ann Jackson -- Nuclear Regulatory Commission
    Jackson's research specialty is theoretical condensed matter physics, especially layered systems, and the physics of opto-electronic materials. In government, she has worked as chairman of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, where she spearheaded the formation of the International Nuclear Regulators Association (INRA) and was elected that group's first chairman. In industry and research, she worked as a theoretical physicist at the former AT&T Bell Laboratories, where she is best known for her advancements on polaronic aspects of electrons in two-dimensional systems. And in academe, she was previously professor of theoretical physics at Rutgers University.

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