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Nuclear Disarmament
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Now, the discussion can be narrowed to whether the U.S., Russia, China, France and U.K. are honoring the spirit of their NPT commitments to pursue nuclear disarmament in good faith. This is a divisive debate that is decades old. The U.S. asserted at an NPT meeting on April 29, 2004 that:
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In this environment, a U.S. call for complete nuclear disarmament will certainly revive old worries about U.S. military capabilities that have existed in Russia for a long time. One of them is that U.S. conventional forces, with their high-precision weapons, could be used in a preemptive attack to destroy most of Russia's strategic launchers. Another is that U.S. missile defense could further help neutralize whatever retaliatory potential Moscow might have left. Neither of these claims would withstand serious scrutiny, but unfortunately, this doesn't matter much; there are enough people in Russia who will make these arguments, and Russian politicians will be happy to pretend to take them seriously.
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Working for the ideal of nuclear disarmament is not enough by itself. Neither is working to bring about concrete, immediate improvements. Only together do these beliefs and actions provide an effective means for step-by-step advancement along the difficult, contradictory, and lengthy road that leads to the ideal."
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[P]ositions based on minimal agreement, such as nuclear disarmament, do not necessarily build more support in the long run. Since even mild demands, such as for a nuclear freeze, depend on action by elites, the more likely prospect is disillusionment and wasting of support.
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It is barely surprising therefore that this year’s NPT review is threatened by increasing frustration on the part of many nations that the Treaty’s promise of nuclear disarmament has not been fulfilled. Not surprising, but of grave concern. If the NPT goes, we’re really up the creek without a paddle.
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While different interpretations remain over the level of nuclear disarmament in recent years, many NNWS are concerned that the apparent lack of commitment could lead to an increase in nuclear proliferation, with serious longer term consequences for the nuclear nonproliferation regime. Former Secretary-General Annan urged the Conference on Disarmament in June 2006 "... to build a common understanding of the most immediate nuclear threats. The debate between those who insist on disarmament before further nonproliferation measures, and those who argue the opposite, is self-defeating. It should be self-evident that both are essential for security."
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Nuclear Disarmament