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Nobel Prize: Alfred Nobel
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The Nobel Prize in Literature is one of the five prize areas mentioned in Alfred Nobel's will. The will states that a prize shall be given to the person who "shall have produced in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction." In awarding the prize, Nobel directed that "no consideration shall be given to the nationality of the candidates, but that the most worthy shall receive it, whether he be Scandinavian or not." A list of the Nobel Laureates in Literature since 1901, with links to further information, has been made available on the Nobel Foundation web site.
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The Nobel Prizes will be handed out today in Stockholm on the anniversary of the death of Alfred Nobel (1833-1896). The Swedish chemist and engineer held 350 patents including one for dynamite. Wishing to be remembered for more peaceful things, Nobel bequeathed his fortune to establish the annual award for accomplishments in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and the promotion of international peace. In 1968, a prize for economics was added. This year's winners include Harold Pinter (Literature), Robert Aumann (Economics) and the IAEA (Peace).
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The Sveriges Riksbank (Bank of Sweden) Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The nomination and selection of the Economics Prize laureates is to a large extent handled by the Economics Prize Committee of the Academy. Each year the committee send invitations to thousands of scientists, members of academies and university professors in numerous countries, asking them to nominate candidates for the Economics Prize for the coming year. Invitations to nominate are sent to:
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The Alfred Nobel Symposium – Energy in Cosmos, Molecules and Life, held in June 2005, was the first Nobel Symposium that brought together scientists representing all three scientific categories of the Nobel Prize: Physics, Chemistry and Medicine. The overall themes of the symposium were: energy in a cosmological perspective; the energy flow as a driving force for life and evolution; the taming of energy sources in the service of society; and future energy sources.
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Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist and the inventor of dynamite. Nobel recognized the destructive power of dynamite, but hoped that such power would lead to an end to warfare. However, dynamite was quickly exploited to develop newer, more deadly weapons. Not wanting to be remembered as the "merchant of death", an epitaph given him by a French newspaper in a mistaken obituary, Nobel wrote his will such that it would establish prizes in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace to "those who, during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind." A sixth category, economics, was added in 1969. It took some time to implement Nobel's wishes.
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The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel is one of the most prestigious prizes in Economics. Here you can learn more about the economics prize, past winners of the prize, and who may win the prize in the future.
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