LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Niacin: Vitamin B3
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Niacin is a water-soluble vitamin that participates in more than 50 metabolic functions, all of which are important in the release of energy from carbohydrates. In addition, Niacin has been found to work better than many traditional drugs to lower serum cholesterol.
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Niacin, a member of the B vitamin family, is the term used for both nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. These two compounds have identical vitamin activities but are different in their pharmacological activities.
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Cholesterol lowering with niacin: Niacin or nicotinic acid, one of the water-soluble B vitamins, improves all lipoproteins when given in doses well above the vitamin requirement. Nicotinic acid lowers the total cholesterol, "bad" LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, while raising the "good" HDL-cholesterol level.
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Niacinamide, a different form of niacin, is available without a prescription as a vitamin supplement, but it does not help lower cholesterol or treat blood circulation problems. Do not use niacinamide to treat these conditions.
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Niacin-deficiency disease is known as pellagra and is particularly prevalent among the poor people whose diet is largely corn. The recommended dietary allowance for niacin is 6.6 niacin equivalents per 1000 kcal. See ... Vitamin.
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Niacin is ... referred to as Vitamin B3 because it was the third of the B vitamins to be discovered. It has historically been referred to as "vitamin PP". That name was derived from the term "pellagra-preventing factor", because the disease pellagra is due to a deficiency of niacin in the diet.
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Vitamin B3