LYCOS RETRIEVER
New Amsterdam: New Netherland
built 631 days ago
New Amsterdams incorporation as a municipality in 1653 accelerated its transformation into a city consciously modeled on Dutch prototypes. Its houses with the gable end turned toward the street and tiled roofs were only the most visible manifestation of the cultural heritage that was selectively reproduced in the colonial city. Once installed, New Amsterdams Burgomasters and Schepens, as representatives of the merchants and artisans, set about implementing their conception of Dutch urban life. The streets were surveyed, canals were dug, a weigh house built, and court procedures elaborated. Most important, city leaders gained Stuyvesants approval to institute the Burgher Right, which restricted the privilege of conducting business to local property owners. The civic customs of Amsterdam, modified to suit local conditions, had taken root in what municipal leaders deliberately called the City of Amsterdam in New Netherland.
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The town developed outside of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island in the New Netherland territory (1614–1664) which was situated between 38 and 42 degrees latitude as a provincial extension of the Dutch Republic from 1624. Provincial possession of the territory was accomplished with the first settlement which was established on Governors Island in 1624. A year later, in 1625, the first settlers arrived on the southern tip of Manhattan; in 1626 construction of a citadel comprising Fort Amsterdam was commenced.[1]
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AMSTERDAM, Netherlands, April 25 /PRNewswire/ -- AKQA today announced that it has signed one of the world's most respected and awarded creative directors, Martin Cedergren, as Executive Creative Director. Cedergren will be based at AKQA's newly opened Amsterdam office. Cedergren is the latest high- profile appointment at AKQA, which now boasts four of the world's top ten most highly rated creative directors according to Scandinavian advertising paper Resume's ranking of the Top 50 Creatives. Cedergren is currently ranked as the third best Interactive Creative in the world and will be part of AKQA's Creative Council together with award-winning colleagues like Lars Bastholm (#2), Rei Inamoto (#5) and PJ Pereira (#7).
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The result of this situation was that a few powerful Amsterdam merchants along with the West India Company controlled New Netherland trade. Oliver A. Rink has succinctly explained the situation as follows:
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