LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Narcissism
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Narcissism is a defense mechanism related to the splitting defense mechanism. The Narcissist fails to regard other people, situations, or entities (political parties, countries, races, his workplace) as a compound of good and bad elements. He either idealises his object - or devalues it. The object is either all good or all bad. The bad attributes are always projected, displaced, or otherwise externalised. The good ones are internalised in order to support the inflated (grandiose) self-concepts of the narcissist and his grandiose fantasies - and to avoid the pain of deflation and disillusionment.
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"On Narcissism" is a pivotal essay in the history of Freudian psychoanalysis. It is situated between the groundbreaking early work, the most famous of which is The Interpretation of Dreams of 1900, and later works which elaborate the now-familiar components of Freudian theory (the tripartite structure of id, ego, and superego and the Oedipus complex, for example). These later texts include "The Unconscious" (written a year later, in 1915), Beyond the Pleasure Principle, The Ego and the Id (1923), Civilization and its Discontents (1927), and "An Outline of Psycho-Analysis" (1938). "On Narcissism" does... include a brief discussion of the castration complex and the ways it is manifested in boys and girls.
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Narcissism is the pattern of traits and behaviors which involve infatuation and obsession with one's self to the exclusion of others and the egotistic and ruthless pursuit of one's gratification, dominance and ambition. In everyday use outside the field of psychology, the word generally refers to people who just are inordinately fond of themselves, without the pathological connotations.
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Narcissism is a psychological condition defined as a total obsession with self, to the exclusion of almost all other interaction with people. Narcissism is often characterized by a lack of empathy for others, an immature sense of humor, sadistic or destructive tendencies towards other people, and a compulsion to satisfy personal needs without regard for others. People suffering from narcissism can be extremely introverted in social situations, tending to avoid deep friendships or commitments to career or family.
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For Winnicott, Narcissism is a form of false self. A goal of the good-enough mother is to enable the child to form an integrated and healthy false self through steady disillusionment and use of a transition object.
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Historian and social critic Christopher Lasch described this topic in his book, "The Culture of Narcissism",[3] published in 1979. He defines a narcissistic culture as one in which every activity and relationship is defined by the hedonistic need to acquire the symbols of spiritual wealth, this becoming the only expression of rigid, yet covert, social hierarchies. It is a culture where liberalism only exists insofar as it serves a consumer society, and even art, sex and religion lose their liberating power.
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