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Namibia: Central Namibia
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Namibia, a huge but sparsely populated country, is situated in southwestern Africa. It is known for its contrasting landscapes. There is the brooding desolate Namib Desert, said to be the oldest in the world, with its high dunes and awe inspiring sense of space. The central plateau, with its thornbush savanna and rugged mountains, rising abruptly from the plains, gives way to the majestic Fish river canyon national park in the South. In the North of the country, landscapes range from dense bush and open plains of the great Etosha national park pan, to woodland savanna and lush riverine vegetation.
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The capital and commercial center of the Republic of Namibia is the centrally located city of Windhoek. Situated between the vast inland Kalahari Desert and the coastal Namib Desert, the city is some 175 miles (282 kilometers) east of the Atlantic Ocean. A ring of hills surrounds Windhoek. The city lies about 5,428 feet (1,654 meters) above sea level.
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Baobab, Namibia About 70% of Namibia is savannah. In Central Namibia, thornbush-savannah is dominant with extensive grasslands and acacia bush. The horizon is marked sporadically by the occasional camel-thorn tree and other kinds of acacia which often grow near dry riverbeds.
Namibian Escarpment. The Bushveld is found in north eastern Namibia along the Angolan border and in the Caprivi Strip which is the vestige of a narrow corridor demarcated for the German Empire to access the Zambezi River. The area receives a significantly greater amount of precipitation than the rest of the county, averaging around 400 millimetres per year. Temperatures are ... cooler and more moderate, with approximate seasonal variations of between 10°C and 30°C. The area is generally flat and the soils sandy, limiting their ability to retain water.[8] Located adjacent to the Bushveld in north-central Namibia is one of nature’s most spectacular features: the Etosha Pan. For most of the year it is a dry, saline wasteland, but during the wet season, it forms a shallow lake covering more than 6000 square kilometres. The area is ecologically important and vital to the huge numbers of birds and animals from the surrounding savannah that gather in the region as summer drought forces them to the scattered waterholes that ring the pan.
The Central Plateau, which varies in altitude from 3,200 to 6,500 feet (975 to 1,980 metres), is the core of the agricultural life of Namibia. In the north it abuts on the Kunene and Okavango river valleys and in the south on the Orange. Largely savanna and scrub, it is somewhat more wooded in parts of the north and is broken throughout by hills, mountains, ravines (including the massive Fish River Canyon), and salt pans (notably the Etosha Pan). Mount Brand (8,445 feet [2,574 metres]), Namibia's highest peak, is located along the plateau's western escarpment.
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By 2001 there were 20,000 refugees in the Osire refugee camp in central Namibia, with the largest contingent from Angola. Others came from the DRC, Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Burundi. Repatriation programmes have successfully been undertaken since Angola's peace agreement in 2002, with only 6,000 refugees left at Osire.
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