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Multiplication Table: Students
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Chinese students are no strangers to the multiplication table. Known as jiujiu biao (Nine-nines rhyme), the multiplication table was already very popular as early as the seventh century BC in China according to historical records. It was titled this because when it was taught one would start with "nine times nine (9x9)" and work his or her way down to "1x1." In today's schools in China, students start with "1x1" and work their way up.
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There has been decline in use of the multiplication table since 1989, when the US National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) suggested that students should evolve their own methods for figuring out multiplication problems. This suggestion didn't entirely solve the problem of memorizing multiplication, since some students appear not to evolve their own methods. Some students appear better served by actual memorization, while others might be able to make observations about numbers that help them keep in mind how to solve each problem.
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The multiplication table should first be learned in terms of patterns so the combinations make sense in some way. (Different patterns will "stick" for different people.) But ultimately, the combinations should become "automatic". Before "declaring victory" a student should be able to go through a set of flash cards without hessitation.
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Many primary grade math programs insist on memorization of the multiplication table, or knowing your “times tables.” Actually, though the reference is to the multiplication table, students may never use the real multiplication table. They may instead simply memorize multiplication facts in order. The multiplication table is sometimes seen as a crutch, because students can use it without memorizing the facts, or alternately, they can use a calculator. Early grades may display large multiplication tables in a classroom, but from grade 3 and up, most classes no longer display them, or teachers cover them during tests so students don’t use them for multiplication problems.
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Following is one of the more dramatic multiplication patterns that you can help students discover by using a multiplication table. The products of two factors that are the same form a pattern. The table below shows the product of 6 and 6.
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PowerPoint is used as the tool for this multiplication table quiz. Your students will love the challenge of answering the questions on each slide. At the end of the multiplication table quiz, the questions and answers are shown.
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