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Morphology
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The Digital Morphology library is a dynamic archive of information on digital morphology and high-resolution X-ray computed tomography of biological specimens. Browse through the site and see spectacular imagery and animations and details on the morphology of many representatives of the Earth's biota. Recent additions or updates to the site include:
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Morphology is the field of linguistics that studies the internal structure of words. (Words as units in the lexicon are the subject matter of lexicology.) While words are generally accepted as being (with clitics) the smallest units of syntax, it is clear that in most (if not all) languages, words can be related to other words by rules. For example, English speakers recognize that the words [D]og, dogs, and dog-catcher are closely related. English speakers recognize these relations from their tacit knowledge of the rules of word-formation in English. They intuit that dog is to dogs as cat is to cats; similarly, dog is to dog-catcher as dish is to dishwasher. The rules understood by the speaker reflect specific patterns (or regularities) in the way words are formed from smaller units and how those smaller units interact in speech.
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The Digital Morphology library site serves imagery for over 75 specimens contributed by over 55 collaborating researchers from 24 of the world's premiere natural history museums and universities. The information core for the Digital Morphology library is generated using a state-of-the-art, high-resolution X-ray computed tomographic (X-ray CT) scanner. The Digital Morphology project ... explores new technologies for archiving, transforming, studying, publishing, and serving digital biological information.
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Morphology further suggests that the likeliest ancestors were related to mosasaurs — extinct aquatic reptiles from the Cretaceous — which in turn are thought to have derived from varanid lizards. Under this hypothesis, the fused, transparent eyelids of snakes are thought to have evolved to combat marine conditions (corneal water loss through osmosis), while the lack of external ears were lost through disuse in an aquatic environment, ultimately leading to an animal similar in appearance to sea snakes of today. In the Late Cretaceous, snakes re-colonized the land much as they are today. The best fossil snake remains are from Late Cretateous marine sediments, which supports this hypothesis. Similar skull structure; reduced/absent limbs; and other anatomical features found in both mosasaurs and snakes lead to a positive cladistical correlation, though some features are ... shared with varanids. Supposedly similar locomotion for both groups is also used as support for this hypothesis.
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Morphology refers to the size, shape, and arrangement of cells. The observation of microbial cells requires not only the use of microscopes but ... the preparation of the cells in a manner appropriate for the particular kind of microscopy. During the first decades of the 20th century, the compound light microscope was the instrument commonly used in microbiology.
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Morphology ... studies the numerous ways new words are formed. Many neologisms recycle familiar morphemes into new combinations. Some words are entirely new. Merriam-Webster's website has a terrific explanation of the etymology of English words.
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Morphology