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Mississippian Indians: Villages
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In the traditional Creek village, dating from the Mississippian ancestors of the Creeks, family compounds within a permanent town or village, would be arranged around a central community area. This central area consisted of several structures adjoining a rectangular ‘chunky yard’ used for games and dances. A smaller square with open shelters called ‘beds’ on all four sides was used during summer for ceremonies and other important events. Each ‘bed’ according to its placement was designated for specific individuals.
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Links have been added to several web sites of the National Park Service and its Southeast Archeological Center in Atlanta which primarily involve Southeastern Indians of the Mississippian period. These include Ancient Architects of the Mississippi, Moundbuilders of the Southeast, and The Mississippian and Late Prehistoric Era. Also added are one color scan of an Archaic settlement--Sarah's Ridge; three scans of Mississippian Period settlements and art--Rucker's Bottom Mississippian Village, Lower Mississippi Delta Mound Complex, Art of the Moundbuilders; and one scan of the Historic Period--Yuchi Town, 1776.
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Over 200 years passed and the Mississippian Indians disappeared. Meanwhile, the Chickasaw tribe moved here. Their "Long Town," several villages close to each other, was near present-day Pontotoc. The Chickasaws claimed land here as their hunting ground.
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Although the human occupation at Millstone Bluff extends from A.D. 500 to A.D. 1500, the majority of the artifacts recovered from the site are Mississippian (A.D. 900-1500). The village consists of approximately 24 house depressions loosely clustered around a central plaza. These are the remains of rectangular, semi-subterranean mud and stick, thatched houses. When the rectangular houses is abandoned or burned, the square basement-like hole fills into a rounded, basin-like depression. There were probably two to six individuals per household living at Millstone Bluff, including parents, children, and perhaps grandparents.
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Archeologists use the term "Mississippian" to refer to cultural developments in the mid-South between A.D. 900 and the 1539-1543 Spanish expedition led by Hernando de Soto. This was a time of expansion: population, agriculture, towns, and villages all increased in size or intensity. Some communities numbered in the thousands, and tens of thousands of people lived at the Cahokia site near modern St. Louis.
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Wickliffe Mounds is the archaeological site of a prehistoric Native American village of the Mississippian mound builders. Located on a bluff overlooking the Mississippi river, the village was occupied from about AD 1100 to 1350. The park ... has picnic areas and a gift shop.
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