LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Middle Ages: Roman Empire
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Daily life during the Middle Ages is sometimes hard to fathom. Pop culture loves to focus on exciting medieval moments-heroic knights charging into battle; romantic liaisons between royalty and commoner; breakthroughs and discoveries made. But life for your average person during the Dark Ages was very routine, and activities revolved around an agrarian calendar.
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Western society in the Middle Ages went through crises that created decisive changes in music and musical instruments. Except for the tibia, which was the Roman equivalent of the aulos, Rome showed little interest in Greek instruments, preferring the more powerful brasses that could be heard in such spectacular events as those given at the Colosseum.
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The Carolingian Empire, named after Charles Martel (Carolus in Latin), was the "scaffold of the Middle Ages." Although it didn't survive for long, the structures put in place by Charles Martel and his grandson Charlemagne were to shape Western Europe for centuries. While civilization in Europe had always been centered on the Mediterranean, the center of power in the West was now north of the Alps. The Carolingian capital was established in Aachen in present-day Germany, as Muslims made access to the sea difficult. Charlemagne held his imperial coronation by Pope Leo III in Saint Peter's Basilica in the year 800, yet already in the year 846 Muslims sacked Rome and stole every piece of gold and silver in Saint Peter's. Arabs ... occupied Sicily for several centuries, and attacked Naples, Capua, Calabria and Sardinia repeatedly.
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During the Middle Ages, Christianity, in the form of the Roman Catholic Church, was the dominant religion in the West with forms of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in the East. In the Middle East, Islam, Judaism and Coptic Christianity shared the population whereas Islam and Judaism were minority religions in Europe.
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Roman Empire