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Meningitis: Treatments
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When she began her research, the only treatment available for meningitis was antiserum obtained from horses. Horse antiserum is a chemical produced in horses when they have been exposed to meningitis bacteria. As horse antiserum lost its effectiveness, Dr. Branham developed another form of antiserum, produced in rabbits.
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Complications of bacterial meningitis can require additional treatment. For example, anticonvulsants might be given for seizures. If a child develops shock or low blood pressure, additional IV fluids and certain medications may be given to increase blood pressure. Some kids may need supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation if they have difficulty breathing.
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Acute bacterial meningitis is a true medical emergency, and requires immediate hospital-based treatment. Bacterial strains that cause meningitis include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), Listeria monocytogenes, and many other types of bacteria. In the U.S. about 17,500 cases of bacterial meningitis occur each year.
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Hib meningitis can cause pneumonia, and throat swelling, and can literally infect the blood, bones, joints, and the covering of the heart. It can cause blindness, deafness, mental retardation, learning disabilities, and death. About 5 percent of kids who get Hib meningitis die even if they get treatment.
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There are many different types of meningitis. Meningitis can be caused by fungi, chemical irritation or drug allergies and tumors. Meningitis caused by viral infections usually resolves without treatment. However, bacterial infection of the meninges is an extremely serious illness that can result in death or brain damage even if treated appropriately.
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If you or your child has bacterial meningitis, your doctor may recommend treatments for brain swelling, shock, convulsions or dehydration. Infected sinuses or mastoids — the bones behind the outer ear that connect to the middle ear — may need to be drained. Any fluid that has accumulated between the brain and the membranes that surround it may ... need to be drained or surgically removed.
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