LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Lynn Margulis
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* Lynn Margulis’ symbiosis theory is a proven theory in biology. * The claim in Acquiring Genomes that symbiosis is the main mechanism for creating new species in evolution is an unjustified extrapolation from a number of well-documented cases to all domains of life. * The claim that the accumulation of mutations do not lead to anything useful is refuted by the facts of molecular and evolutionary genetics. * Margulis unambiguously rejects creationism, despite her criticism of the fundamental neo-Darwinistic mechanisms, and her alternative theory is a fully naturalistic evolutionary theory.
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Lynn Margulis and Dorion Sagan are the authors of Microcosmos: Four Billion Years of Microbial Evolution, which was first published twenty years ago. To mark the occasion, Astrobiology Magazine spoke with Margulis, whose ideas have long been considered controversial. In this, the fourth and final part of a four-part interview, she lays out the evidence for bacterial intelligence, and shares her thoughts on the likelihood of life on Mars.
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University of Massachusetts evolutionist Lynn Margulis played a major role in introducing the "serial endosymbiosis theory," which posited that cells with nuclei (eukaryotic cells) evolved through a symbiotic relationship with other cell types. It is now widely accepted that such cellular components as mitochondria and chloroplasts were once separate organisms--bacteria--that over the course of evolution were incorporated into the make-up of modern eukaryotic cells. Margulis is ... known for her long collaboration with British scientist James E. Lovelock, originator of the provocative Gaia Hypothesis, which suggests that life has had a greater influence on the evolution of the Earth than is ordinarily assumed, affecting the global environment in ways that favor the continuity of life. An energetic popularizer of science and spokesperson for environmental issues, Margulis has written many books on a wide range of scientific topics, including Microcosmos: Four Billion Years of Evolution from our Microbial Ancestors (with her son, Dorion Sagan) and Slanted Truths: Essays on Gaia, Symbiosis, and Evolution (with Dorion Sagan and foreword by Phylis and Philip Morrison). In addition to her extensive scholarly work, she has contributed to popular magazines and education journals and has produced several videos. Margulis is a member of the National Academy of Sciences.
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A List 4/8/02 SLU'S ROMER LECTURE CENTERS ON NEW VIEW OF EVOLUTION CANTON - Evolutionary biologist Lynn Margulis will give the 2002 Alfred Romer Lecture at St. Lawrence University, on "The Inheritance of Acquired Bacteria." The lecture will be on Friday, April 19, at 8 p.m. in the Hepburn Auditorium, and is open to the public, free of charge. Some 140 years after the publication of Charles Darwin's Origin of Species, a major issue remains unresolved: how do great evolutionary changes occur, how do new species appear and what leads to new taxonomic groups? Margulis believes that symbiogenesis, "an evolutionary consequence of symbiosis," is a principal factor. In her lecture, she will discuss the old problem of the origin of evolutionary change and show how genome acquisition and community analysis propel us toward a new, Gaian view of life as a planetary phenomenon, and Gaia may be understood as symbiosis as seen from space. Margulis' writings span a wide spectrum of scientific topics, ranging from professional publications to children's literature.
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Lynn Margulis was born in 1938 and grew up in Chicago. She began her undergraduate degree at the University of Chicago during the Great Books era. Chancellor Robert Hutchins had instituted a curriculum in which students read original works, following the development of ideas rather than academic disciplines, an intellectual approach that Margulis embraces to this day.
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Lynn Margulis attended the University of Chicago as an undergrad and received her Ph.D. in 1963 from UC Berkeley. In 1966, as a young faculty member at Boston University, she wrote a theoretical paper entitled The Origin of Mitosing Eukaryotic Cells.[2] The paper ... was "rejected by about fifteen scientific journals," Margulis recalled.[3] It was finally accepted by The Journal of Theoretical Biology and is considered today a landmark in modern endosymbiotic theory. Although it draws heavily on symbiosis ideas first put forward by mid-19th century scientists and by Merezhkovsky (1905) and
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Lynn Margulis