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Lynching
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Lynching is the illegal execution of an accused person by a mob. The term lynching probably derived from the name Charles Lynch (1736-96), a justice of the peace who administered rough justice in Virginia. Lynching was originally a system of punishment used by whites against African American slaves. However, whites who protested against this were ... in danger of being lynched. On 7th November, 1837, Elijah Parish Lovejoy, the editor of the Alton Observer, was killed by a white mob after he had published articles criticizing lynching and advocating the abolition of slavery.
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Lynching is a form of violence, usually execution, conceived of by its perpetrators as extrajudicial punishment for offenders or as a terrorist method of enforcing social domination[citation needed]. It is characterized by a summary procedure ignoring, bypassing, or even contrary to, the strict forms of law, notably judicial execution. Victims of lynching have generally been members of groups marginalized or vilified by society. The practice is age-old; stoning, for example, is believed to have started long before lapidation was adopted as a judicial form of execution.
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Following a spate of excellent books on lynching-Without Sanctuary; At the Hands of Persons Unknown; A Lynching in the Heartland-comes this account of the murder of two black couples in Walton County, Ga., in July 1946. According to journalist Wexler, the murders of Roger and Dorothy Malcolm and George and Mae Dorsey were the last of more than 3,000 mob lynchings of African-Americans in the United States. Following clues from published newspaper reports, FBI and legal records, and interviews conducted in 1997 with the participants who were still alive, Wexler plots a dramatic narrative involving sex, jealousy and violence, with a surprise witness to the murders who surfaces in 1991 (43 years after the killings) claiming to have lived on the run from the Klan because of what he knew. But while Wexler's sense of pacing and denouement is rousing, and her intricate, careful portrayal of the social settings and racial imaginations of the post-WWII South are just as startling. The region was rife with a new sort of racial tension spurred by the demand for basic civil rights (particularly by returning black soldiers) to the point that, under direct orders of President Truman (who was under pressure from the NAACP and the Northern press), the FBI became involved in a lynching for the first time. Smart and highly readable, if much less broad than other recent books, Wexler's account uncovers compelling personal and historic material in equal measure.
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What Lynching in the West ... "represents" is the crisis of representation itself. Recent performance and installation art theorized through the logic of nicolas Bourriaud’s socalled relational aesthetics is indicative of this crisis because what such work erases is historical consciousness in the space of a presumed, mythic "present." The panacea for this endemic might be a non-dialectical recall of Benjamin and Adorno’s original debate. Such a recall would put into relief contemporary artworks that simultaneously take up a political and aesthetic proposition. Moreover, Lynching in the West aptly underscores the need to triangulate these propositions, methodologically, with a psychoanalytic proposition. This triangulation is essential when the question of representation is at stake, both in terms of historical atrocities and contemporary returns to 60s and 70s art practices. On this note, Lynching in the West performatively activates the impasse between definitive positions of subject and other, and by extension, event and history, all of which are acted out by the viewer in the space of aesthetics.
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Lynching would be nationally repudiated by the enactment of the pending bill. The early enactment would mark the first step in breaking down the tradition that any American could be lynched-with-impunity; it would do much to enhance the prestige of American democracy throughout the world. Indeed, there is no justification for further delay and there is every reason for the passage of this law by the American Congress.
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Brigham Young, who married 19 times, took over the LDS church after the lynching of its founder Joseph Smith (who was married 12 times himself). It is suspected that Young ordered the Mountain Meadows Massacre. It is known that Brigham Young was a racist and that he approved of slavery to the extent that he got slavery legalised in Utah.
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