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Lucius Tarquinius Superbus: Kings
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Servius Tullius was the son-in-law of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, and was the sixth king of Rome (578-534 BC). It's not certain whether Servius was a Latin or an Etruscan. If he was an Etruscan, then his name was originally Mastarna.
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The seventh and final king of Rome was Tarquinius Superbus. As the son of Priscus and the son-in-law of Servius, Tarquinius was ... of Etruscan birth. It was also during his reign that the Etruscans reached their apex of power. More than other kings before him, Tarquinius used violence, murder, and terrorism to maintain control over Rome. He repealed many of the earlier constitutional reforms set down by his predecessors.
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Early roman history (tradition) tells of a series of seven kings, and the last, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, was a tyrannical rex. In the first part of Cicero's diagram a monarch is in place, which can only be followed by a tyrant. After Lucius Tarquinius Superbus overthrows the senate, patricians play a decisive role. The rex's position was abolished and two consuls were elected annual ridding Rome of monarchical and tyrannical rule. This brought Rome into the age of a republic, shortly after the senate gained powers and showed aristocratic traits. Cicero's diagram almost perfectly shadowed the events described.
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To fill the vacuum of the government in Rome, Junius Brutus created the system of government in Rome, called a republic after expulsing Tarquinius Superbus. The government was led by two chief executive officers, known as the consuls. The consuls would have the power of the kings, which they would share the authority equally, known as the imperium. The two consuls would be elected annually by the Comitia Centuriata. The Comitia Centuriata was an assembly of people, who voted by centuries (100s).
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Tarquinius Superbus added to the AGER ROMÁNUS the territory of the city of GABII, and planted two military colonies, which were afterwards lost. The dynasty of the Tarquins ended with the overthrow of this king, and a Republic was established, which lasted until the death of Julius Caesar.
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In the last quarter of the sixth century BCE, Rome was ruled by king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus or Tarquin the Proud, a descendant from an Etruscan family. His kingdom was one of the most powerful in Italy: its capital had some 35,000 inhabitants, its territory was some 800 square kilometers, and its zone of influence stretched as far as Circeii and Terracina - 90 kilometers to the southeast. The Latin cities recognized Roman leadership, and Tarquin added several towns to his kingdom.
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