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Lise Meitner: Gothenburg University
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Born in 1878 in Vienna, Lise Meitner was, as a woman, unable even to complete high school. But the restrictions on female students were lifted in time for her to attend the University of Vienna, where she studied physics under Boltzmann and obtained her doctorate. In 1907 she moved to Berlin, where women might be allowed to audit courses if they could find a sympathetic lecturer. Despite obstacles such as these (and the interruption of World War I, in which she served as a front-line nurse), Meitner rose to the rank of full professor, the head of her own section at the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institute and a leading participant in the newly fledged discipline of nuclear physics.
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The third of eight children of a Viennese Jewish family, Lise Meitner was already 22 years old when Austrian restrictions on the education of women eventually allowed her to enrol at the University of Vienna in 1901. Her interest was in physics, and Ludwig Boltzmann's lectures convinced her that physics was to be her career.
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Lise Meitner was born into a Jewish family as the third of eight children in Vienna, 2nd district (Leopoldstadt). Her father, Phillip Meitner,[5] was one of the first Jewish lawyers in Austria.[3] She shortened her birthdate from November 17, 1878 to November 7, 1878. She ... shortened her name from Elise to Lise. It is not known why she did so.[6] The birth register of Vienna's Jewish community lists Lise as being born on November 17, 1878 but all other documents list it as November 7, which is what Meitner used.[7] She was the second woman to earn a doctoral degree in physics at the University of Vienna.[3]
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Lise Meitner was ... well acquainted with Albert Einstein whom she met for the first time in 1909 in Salzburg. At that time, she was an assistant of Max Planck in Berlin, while Einstein was working at the university of Zurich. Two years later, however, he got an appointment to the German University of Prague that belonged to the Austrian empire at that time. The only condition was that Einstein acquired an Austrian citizenship. This was then a highly ceremonial event that obliged Einstein to dress in a “gala uniform” with golden stripes, a tricorn, and a rapier. Einstein was already notorious for his dislike of all kinds of formal dress, but he consoled himself that nobody would recognize him in this outfit taking him for some obscure “admiral from Honduras”.
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Lise Meitner was born in Vienna in 1878 into a family of Austrian citizens and brought up in a liberal atmosphere. Her father, Dr. Philipp Meitner, was a lawyer of Jewish origin. In order to obtain a university qualification she was obliged to take private courses because at that time girls were not admitted to the gymnasium. She took her "Matura" in 1901. In 1902 she became one of the first female students to study physics in Vienna. There she listened to lectures by L. Boltzman, who had a big influence on her ambition to continue as a physicist.
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Lise Meitner was born in 1878 in a liberal Viennese family. Since the Viennese system of education did not allow girls to enter high school from 1892 to 1901 she had to struggle a lot to get her education. The Viennese government opened high schools for girls in 1899. Her father hired a tutor to prepare her for university entrance when she was 21 years old. In these two years she completed 8 years' worth of school syllabus.
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