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1. Liberalism
   [One] development which took place within the context of Liberalism was the birth of the study of comparative religions. Two factors underlie this new discipline which proved to be another threat to the distinctiveness of Christianity. The first was Romanticism. Romantic philosophy led to a curiosity about and appreciation for other peoples’ religions as authentic ways of expressing the human experience. The second factor was the increase of knowledge which came as a result of the colonization of the world by the Western European powers. Vast amounts of new knowledge about the world and competing cultures and their native religions became available.
2. Liberation Theology -- Latin American Liberation Theology
   There is a notion amongst some academics that Latin American Liberation Theology has had its day. Ivan Petrella proves this to be ill-conceived, and shows that this theology can be reinvented to bring its preferential option for the poor into the real world.More
3. Colleges -- Liberal Arts Colleges
   DEERFIELD, Ill., May 1 /PRNewswire/ -- One hundred colleges and universities out of some 3,800 U.S. schools have been ranked as the top values by Consumers Digest Magazine. The rankings are based on attributes that validate or define the institutions' academic prowess factored against annual cost of tuition and room-and-board. Among 50 public institutions cited, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, Texas, ranked No. 1. Among 25 private institutions, Brigham Young-Hawaii took top honors. Among 25 private liberal arts schools, Centre College, Danville, Ky., held the first slot.
4. University of Iowa -- Liberal Arts
   ARTHUR MILLER, a political science professor at the University of Iowa, said he thinks there are pros and cons to the Iowa caucuses. "Iowa citizens are responsible in that they go out and do interact and listen to the candidates," he said. "But a better system would be a rotating start point. It would represent different aspects of the United States." He ... agreed that some might dislike the Iowa caucuses because the state is becoming less and less representative of the rest of the country, with its lack of urban settings and a large proportion of older residents.
5. Liberalism in America -- African Americans
   Riding to the rescue of those still traumatized by 20 years or more of successful demonization by the Republicans, Paul Starr…offers a lucid and well-informed explanation of the origins, history and current prospects of liberalism. Starr's achievement is not minor, for liberalism is devilishly difficult to pin down…Starr has more in mind... than a useful historical survey; he aims to provide a guide for the present. Believing that American conservatives have failed to achieve much of substance while in power these past decades, he senses an "opportunity to rebuild a political majority by showing how liberal ideas make sense for America and by reopening a conversation with people who believe that liberals have not shown any concern or respect for them." He is much more successful at justifying liberal ideas than at reaching out to skeptics.
6. Liberalism -- United States
   Liberalism is not a list. It�s just not. And it is not a list that has incoherence as a natural byproduct of being a list that rejects ideological certainty. Green, Hobhouse, Dewey, Rawls, et al did not see themselves as championing incoherent lists of things people might happen to want. They championed a particular conception of the relationship between the citizen and the state based on what they took to be compelling general normative principles.
7. Fordham University -- Liberal Studies
   Fordham University will participate in Focus the Nation, an unprecedented national teach-in model on global warming solutions on Thursday, Jan. 31. The day will feature a variety of presentations by several members of the faculty, administration and student body on the Rose Hill campus in the Bronx.
8. Liberalism in America -- Freedom
   Modern American liberalism is largely a combination of social liberalism, social progressivism, and mixed economy philosophy. It is distinguished from classic liberalism and libertarianism, which ... claim freedom as their primary goal, in its instance upon the inclusion of positive rights and in a broader definition of equality. Modern American liberals view the concentration of wealth and the destruction of the environment as threats to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. While the development of modern American liberalism may be traced to the late 19th and early 20th century, it may also be viewed as the modern version of the classical liberalism upon which America was founded.[1]
9. Liberalism in America -- New Deal
   In Liberalism and Its Discontents, Columbia historian Alan Brinkley offers a set of essays and lectures loosely linked under the topic of what has happened to liberalism. They are uneven in quality, covering topics that range from the young FDR to Southern politics to the career of Allard Lowenstein, the prime mover of the revolt against LBJ's candidacy in the Democratic Party in 1968. In his brief history of the 1960s, "The Therapeutic Radicalism of the New Left," Brinkley rightly sees the counterculture as a revolution of rising expectations. He fails... to understand the authentic passion of anti-Stalinism on the Old Left (would anyone keep referring to anti-Hitlerism as an "obsession"?) and blames the apolitical hippies rather than the ultraradical crazies for the counterculture's "failure" (if he's right, we can chalk up one more obligation to the hippies).
10. Liberalism in America -- Governments
    In the mid-20th century, liberalism began to define itself in opposition to totalitarianism. The term was first used by Giovanni Gentile to describe the socio-political system set up by Mussolini. Stalin would apply it to German Nazism, and after the war it became a descriptive term for what liberalism considered the common characteristics of fascist, Nazi and Marxist-Leninist regimes. Totalitarian regimes sought and tried to implement absolute centralized control over all aspects of society, in order to achieve prosperity and stability. These governments often justified such absolutism by arguing that the survival of their civilization was at risk. Opposition to totalitarian regimes acquired great importance in liberal and democratic thinking, and they were often portrayed as trying to destroy liberal democracy.

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