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Lesotho: World
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Lesotho has one of the highest AIDS rates in the world, with 29% of the population infected. More than 55,000 of those infected are in desperate need of anti-retroviral therapy -- a figure vastly outnumbering the 1,000 currently receiving these essential life-saving drugs.
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Lesotho has the third highest HIV infection rate in the world – the estimates are that one in three adults live with the virus. The high HIV and AIDS prevalence rate has lead to higher morbidity and mortality rates which mean that poverty is further entrenched.
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It is quite possible that Lesotho should have stopped while it was ahead with water impoundments; the continuation of the LHWP may not be necessary to meet South Africa’s water needs. Residents of Johannesburg’s townships, the final consumers of LHWP water, collect water from apartheid-era systems that waste up to 50 percent of water piped to them. When the project’s second dam was being considered, Gauteng’s water utility, Rand Water, suggested that the project could be delayed as much as 17-20 years if system efficiency was increased through better demand-side management (DSM). But the machinations of the World Bank are complex, and respect the laws of entropy (anything started is hard to stop, anything stopped is hard to start) more than real economics. The Bank decided to continue with the project without a thorough analysis of DSM or the possibility for a delay, arguing that the need for greater supply was inevitable, and that a delay would drive up construction costs.
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Lesotho has one of the highest rates of HIV and AIDS infections in the world. UNAIDS estimates that the HIV prevalence rate for those aged between 15 and 49 is 23.2%. The HIV and AIDS pandemic in Lesotho has contributed to deepening poverty, a major skills shortfall and rapidly increasing pressure on household incomes in already poor communities.
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