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Le Corbusier: Architecture
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Throughout the 1920s Le Corbusier solidified his philosophies about design and began publishing books and journals. In 1923 he came out with his book, Towards a New Architecture which was followed, in 1926, by Five Points of a New Architecture wherein he outlined architectural guidelines such as the necessity of a roof terrace, an unrestricted interior space, expansive windows, a plain exterior and columns for structural support. In 1928 he began creating furnishings for his buildings as part of a collaboration with Pierre Jeanneret and Charlotte Perriand. The three created a series of tubular steel furniture that they exhibited at the 1929 Salon d'Automne in Paris and from which emerged some of the most lasting icons of the international style. The furniture, entitled as a group, "Equipment for Living," was designed in rich leather or cowhide upholstery and featured the "B 302" swivel chair, the "B301" armchair and the "B 306" chaise longue, which Le Corbusier referred to as the "relaxing machine." Thonet originally manufactured these pieces and many have been reissued in recent years by Cassina as part of their line of classics.
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Le Corbusier strongly believed in this new trend. He was a purist totally dedicated to the new theoretical principles that he believed defined this new Architecture. He imagined houses built like cars in a standardized production process. He admired the ocean liners for their ‘tenacity and discipline’. In 1022 he sketched a prototype called Maison ‘Citrohan’ referring to carmaker Citroën. He intended it as a ‘machine to be living in’ .It was a white cube with industrial size windows.
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L'Eplattenier, whom Le Corbusier called "My Master," combined into a National Romanticism many strains of late-nineteenth-century thought, from Ruskin to Hermann Muthesius. He involved his students in his search for a new kind of ornament expressive of the Jura landscape and able to sustain the local craft industry. Apprenticed at thirteen to a watch engraver, Le Corbusier abandoned matchmaking in part because of his delicate eyesight, and continued his studies in art and decoration, with the intention of becoming a painter. L'Eplattenier insisted that the young man ... study architecture and arranged for his first commissions.
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While returning in 1929 from South America to Europe, Le Corbusier met Josephine Baker on board the ocean liner Lutétia. Baker was famous around the world for her dance in which she was dressed in nothing but 16 bananas. Le Corbusier made several sketches of Josephine; there is ... an erotic drawing of her. The fruitful voyage produced a book, Precisions on the Present State of Architecture and City Planning (1930). Soon after his return, Le Corbusier married Yvonne Gallis, a dressmaker and fashion model. She died in 1957.
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Swiss born architect, theorist and designer Le Corbusier (1887-1965) worked and wrote with a unique vision, energy and clarity that made him one of the most influential figures shaping the international style during the early 1900s. Born Charles Edouard Jeanneret, he rechristened himself Le Corbusier in Paris in 1920, around the time he started his journal L'Esprit Nouveau. An active member of the Parisian art scene and co-founder of the Congrès Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne (CIAM), he championed a minimalist modernism built around the idea of the home as a "machine for living."
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Le Corbusier moved increasingly to the far right of French politics in the 1930's. He associated with Georges Valois and Hubert Lagardelle and briefly edited the syndicalist journal Prélude. In 1934, he lectured on architecture in Rome by invitation of Mussolini. He sought out a position in urban planning in the Vichy regime and received an appointment on a committee studying urbanism, only to have his plans for the redesign of Algiers and other cities completely ignored. After this defeat, Le Corbusier largely eschewed politics.
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