LYCOS RETRIEVER
Languages of Middle-Earth: Telerin Elves
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An excellent resource for discussion of all the Tolkien languages by some of the world's leading scholars can be found on the web at the Tolkien Language List within their archives, or sign up for the discussion forum. Publications following scholars of Tolkien's original manuscripts are available through elvish.org, and further scholarship on etymology and grammar are available at Fellowship of the Word-smiths. An excellent in-depth discussion of the evolving etymological lexicons can be found at Ardalambion, of Quenya specifically, and of Sindarin specifically.
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Although the study of Tolkien's languages is as a rule not taken seriously by mainstream linguistics, a number of serious scholars have worked on compiling all that can be recovered about their histories and grammars. An early book dedicated to Eldarin is An Introduction to Elvish by Jim Allan (published by Bran's Head Books), written before the publication of The Silmarillion in 1977 and therefore mostly outdated. There are several journals dedicated to the subject:
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These questioners treat Tolkien's invented languages with a degree of realism beyond the capacity of most realists. They bring to bear on the dialects of Elvish (and Dwarvish, and Mannish, and, yes, even Sauron's Volapük) the methods of modern linguistic analysis; they look for patterns in phonology and morphology; they identify borrowings and construct etymologies. The remarkable thing is that the languages support their study. J.R.R. Tolkien died in 1973; since 1974, his readers have been reconstructing the language of Primitive Elvish (or Proto-Eldarin, as it is sometimes called), which is not merely an invented language, but a hypothetical invented language, one that doesn't even have any invented speakers. Their aim is twofold: On the one hand, equipped with the rules of Primitive Elvish, they can coin new words to fill in the gaps in the Quenya and Sindarin vocabularies Tolkien left behind; on the other, they have the pleasure of the work itself, and the esteem of their peers.
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Many character and place names in The Lord of the Rings are related to words from old and modern languages. In his book Hobbits, Elves, and Wizards, Michael N. Stanton provides examples of the historical links for some of Tolkien's characters and settings. A few examples follow:
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Quenya is one of the languages spoken by the Elves in J. R. R. Tolkien's work. It was the language that developed among those Elves that reached Valinor (they are at times ... called Eldar, "star-folk" or High Elves). Of the Three Houses of Elves, the Noldor and the Vanyar spoke different, though mutually intelligible dialects of Quenya. The language was also adopted by the Valar who also made some new introductions into it from their own original language. The Third House, the Teleri, spoke a different, closely related language: Telerin.
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One of the most vivid expressions of Tolkien's ability and interest in languages was the creation of his own. Over the course of his life he invented several languages, such as Elvish (including Quenya and Sindarin), Dwarvish (Khuzdul), Entish, and Black Speech.
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