LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Kidnapping: Laws
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Do you agree with the verdict in the kidnapping trial? Should the case have hung on the issue of whether the Inquisitor had acted according to the laws then in effect in the Papal States? Did the Inquisitor in fact scrupulously follow the law?
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Although Pennsylvania passed a law against kidnapping in 1788, penalties were so light as to be ineffective. In a 1799 petition, Absalom Jones and other Philadelphia blacks petitioned Congress against slavery, specifically focusing on the Fugitive Slave Act and the practice of kidnapping.
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In the terminology of the common law in many jurisdictions (according to Black's Law Dictionary), the crime of kidnapping is labelled abduction when the victim is a woman. In modern usage, kidnapping or abduction of a child is often called child stealing, particularly when done not to collect a ransom but rather with the intention of keeping the child permanently (often in a case where the child's parents are divorced or legally separated, whereupon the parent who does not have legal custody will commit the act... known as "childnapping"). Today, the term is no longer restricted to the case of a child victim.
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In 1820 lobbying by PAS produced a stronger anti-kidnapping law, providing penalties of twenty-one years imprisonment at hard labor. The increased demand for slaves created by the passage of the Missouri Compromise, though, made the rewards of kidnapping worth the risk to many slavers.
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The plaintiffs' lawyers and leaders have ... suffered death threats, assaults, an attempted kidnapping and the theft of legal files. Both the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and United Nations' human rights officials have previously intervened in the case.
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