LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Julian Calendar: Julius Caesar
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The original Julian Calendar was introduced by Julius Caesar (... the name) in 44 B.C. The length of a single year was to be equal to the time time it takes for the earth to orbit the sun once. This amount was estimated to be 365 days and 6 hours. Every fourth year the extra six hours were collected and added as an extra day to the year, creating a leap year of 366 days.
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The Julian calendar was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC. The Julian calendar was naturally adopted by the Christian successors of the Roman Empire. By about 700 CE it had become customary to count years from the starting point of the birth of Christ (later corrected by Johannes Kepler to 4 BCE). But the equinox kept slipping backwards on the calendar one full day every 130 years. By 1500 the vernal equinox fell on the 10th or 11th of March and the autumnal equinox on the 13th or 14th of September, and the situation was increasingly causing unrest among the population.
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The Julian calendar is based on a solar year with originally 365 days. To account for the fact that the tropical year is longer than 365 days by about a quarter day, a leap day is inserted at the end of month of February in every fourth year. This simple leap year rule was already known in late Egypt. It was in fact an Alexandrian scholar named Sosigenes who advised Julius Cesar during the introduction of the calendar into the Roman empire in the year 46 BC. The calendar is named after Julius Cesar.
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The Julian Day Count has nothing to do with the Julian Calendar introduced by Julius Caesar. It is named for Julius Scaliger, the father of Josephus Justus Scaliger, who invented the concept. It can ... be thought of as a logical follow-on to the old Egyptian civil calendar, which also used years of constant lengths.
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The Julian calendar was introduced by the Roman Emperor, Julius Caesar, in 45 BC. The previous Roman calendar was complicated in structure and subject to arbitrary alterations, allowing influential pontiffs to exploit the collective reckoning of the civil year for personal or political ends. Intending to curb corruption and prevent disorder, Julius Caesar reorganized the calendar to bring the civil year into alignment with the movements of the sun.
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Before the Julian calendar was introduced, priests in the Roman Empire exploited the calendar for political ends, inserting days and even months into the calendar to keep the politicians they favored in office. Tired of the chaos that this undependable system eventually gave rise to, Julius Caesar finally set out to put the long-abused calendar back on track.
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Julius Caesar