LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Julian Calendar: Dates
built 782 days ago
The Julian Calendar (... called the Church, 'Old', or Ecclesiastical calendar) is the calendar of the undivided Church of Christ. It would be the only calendar of the Christian world were it not for the unilateral action in 1582 by Heterodox Pope Gregory XIII and his humanist astronomers. The calculations of Rome put the so-called 'Western' date of Easter (Pascha) in direct conflict with the canons of the undivided Church as expressed at the Ecumenical Council of Nicea (a council accepted by the Western church).
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Julian dates (abbreviated JD) are simply a continuous count of days and fractions since noon Universal Time on January 1, 4713 BCE (on the Julian calendar). Almost 2.5 million days have transpired since this date. Julian dates are widely used as time variables within astronomical software. Typically, a 64-bit floating point (double precision) variable can represent an epoch expressed as a Julian date to about 1 millisecond precision. Note that the time scale that is the basis for Julian dates is Universal Time, and that 0h UT corresponds to a Julian date fraction of 0.5.
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At later times in the day on 1-1-4713 BC (such as 12 Noon GMT, the currently accepted time for the start of the Julian calendar), Saturn moves out to 20 minutes from Sirius, and loses its tetrahedral significance. Though Saturn still stays conjunct with Sirius at later times, it does not have the honor of being 33 degrees above the horizon or close enough to the horizons, Nadir or Midheaven to be prominent; in short, it has much less importance and honor bestowed upon it at other times on 1-1-4713 BC than it does at midnight on that date. This is as it should be, if Julius truly did originally choose the "start time" as midnight on January 1, 4713 BC because of sun worship.
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This utility converts from calendar date and time to Julian date, and vice versa. The direction of conversion is selected by the calculation type. The form is initialized to current UT date and time, as determined by the clock on your computer. CE and BCE designate "common era" and "before common era". The weekday field is read-only and is determined from the Julian date.
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All Orthodox churches continue to use the Julian Calendar when they calculate the date of Easter and holy days that are dependent on the date of Easter. Some Orthodox churches still use the Julian Calendar for all holy days, such as the Orthodox Churches of Jerusalem, Georgia, Russia, and Serbia and the other Slavic churches. If you have been watching the news on television, you may have noticed that Christmas was celebrated on 7January in Serbia and Russia. That is because the Serbian Orthodox Church and the Russian Orthodox Church use the Julian Calendar for all holy days. Currently, Julian 25Decemberfalls on Gregorian 7January.
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The chronological Julian date at a particular timezone is the number of days and fraction of a day which have elapsed since midnight in that timezone at the start of -4712-01-01 in the proleptic Julian Calendar. For example, for 01:13 Beijing standard time on 2007-01-20 CE the corresponding chronological Julian date is 2,454,121.0509.
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