LYCOS RETRIEVER
John Tyler: Presidents
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In 1841, John Tyler's entire cabinet except Secretary of State Daniel Webster resigned. This was due to his vetoes of laws creating the Third Bank of the United States. This went against his party's policy. After this point, Tyler had to operate as president without a party behind him.
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John Tyler arose and proceeded with Vice President Richard Johnson to the presiding officer's chair to take his oath from President pro tempore King. The new vice president then assumed the chair and launched a three-minute inaugural address with a ringing tribute to his predecessors, calling it an honor "to occupy a seat which has been filled and adorned . . . by an Adams, a Jefferson, a Gerry, a Clinton, and a Tompkins." He then continued with a verbal bouquet to the Senate and "the high order of the moral and intellectual power which has distinguished it in all past time, and which still distinguishes it." In the next sentence, Tyler moved into his main theme — the centrality of the states' rights doctrine:
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--Her son, Lyon Gardiner Tyler, born in Charles City county, Virginia, in August, 1853, was graduated at the University of Virginia in 1875, and then studied law. During his college course he was elected orator of the Jefferson society, and obtained a scholarship as best editor of the "Virginia University Magazine." In January, 1877, he was elected professor of belles-lettres in William and Mary college, which place he held until November, 1878, when he became head of a high-school in Memphis, Tennessee He settled in Richmond, Virginia, in 1882, and entered on the practice of law... taking an active interest in politics. He was a candidate for the house of delegates in 1885, and again in 1887, when he was elected. In that body he advocated the bills to establish a labor bureau, to regulate child labor, and to aid William and Mary college. In 1888 he was elected president of William and Mary. He has published "The Letters and Times of the Tylers " (2 vols., Richmond, 1884-'5).
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From the standpoint of character, John Tyler was not always admirable. He is believed to have fathered a child with one of his slaves, a significant abuse of power. In other respects, he appears to have been a very strong, determined and willful president. It can be said that Tyler was politically uncorrupted by outside influences, and pursued the presidency in the manner he thought best.
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Letitia Christian Tyler, the President's first wife, died in the White House in September, 1842. A few months later, Tyler began courting 23-year-old Julia Gardiner, a beautiful and wealthy New Yorker. When they were married in New York City on June 26, 1844, Tyler became the first president to be wed while in office. He was 30 years older than his bride. As First Lady, the new Mrs. Tyler captivated Washington with the size and brilliance of her White House receptions.
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In spite of his vote against Jackson, Tyler did believe in states' rights, and he vetoed two bills because of this belief. Fiercely independent, he would not support either party's program, infuriating everyone and bringing himself into great conflict with both Congress and his own cabinet. All but one of the members of the Cabinet resigned. He replaced them with people who believed in strong states' rights views. He was the first President that Congress ever tried to impeach. The effort was unsuccessful; but in 1845 Tyler did become the first President to have a veto overridden by Congress.
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