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John Nash: Carnegie Institute
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John Nash was recognised by his colleagues as a genius in 1948 when he was accepted into Princeton University’s graduate programme at the age of 20. His old Carnegie Tech Professor, R.J. Duffin wrote as his recommendation for Nash: “This man is a genius”.
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John Forbes Nash was born in 1928 in Bluefield, West Virginia. Having received his BS and MS from Carnegie Institute of Technology (now known as Carnegie Mellon University), he went on to study at Princeton for his doctorate. While he was there he wrote his thesis "Non Cooperative Games" and received his doctorate. His accomplishments included inadvertently proving Brouwers fixed point theorem and inventing a topological game called "Nash".
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After he graduated with his Ph.D, John moved to Boston, where he became a distinguished member of the faculty at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was called the "kid professor" by students since he was so young, but he considered himself incredibly elite. His colleagues there were annoyed by his arrogance, but tolerated it because of his genius. He quickly began making huge discoveries in mathematics in fields such as geometry and partial differential equations. In 1958, he was featured in Fortune Magazine as one of the brightest stars in the field of mathematics. However, he still considered himself a failure since he had not yet achieved the Field's medal, the highest award in mathematics.
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In his autobiography, Nash notes that it was E.T. Bell's book, Men of Mathematics—in particular, the essay on Fermat—that first sparked his interest in mathematics. He attended classes at Bluefield College while still in high school. He later attended the Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon University) in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on a Westinghouse scholarship, where he studied first chemical engineering and later chemistry before switching to mathematics. He received both his bachelor's degree and his master's degree in 1948 while at the Carnegie Institute.
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Nash then entered Princeton on a fellowship as a graduate student. At Carnegie he had taken a course on international economics and this had led to a paper on what he called ‘The Bargaining Problem’. At Princeton, he developed this further using the ideas of game theory first discussed by von Neumann and Morgenstern. The result was Nash's theory of non-cooperative games, which he wrote up for his PhD thesis. The theory, which could be applied to any finite number of players, later found applications in economics.
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In 1951 Nash joined the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts. One woman who knew him there described him as "very brash, very boastful, very selfish, very egocentric. His colleagues did not like him especially, but they tolerated him because his mathematics was so brilliant." There, Nash began a relationship with a nurse named Eleanor Stier, who soon became pregnant with his child. Nash became a father, yet refused to put his name on his son's birth certificate or financially support him.
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