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John Dalton: Atoms
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John Dalton (1766-1844) was an English scientist. He taught mathematics and physical sciences at New College, Manchester. Dalton revived the atomic theory of matter, which he applied to a table of atomic weights and used in developing his law of partial pressures (Dalton's law). He was color-blind and studied that affliction... known as Daltonism.
John Dalton was the originator of atomic theory, which theory provided scientists with new ways of seeing the physical world. Atomic weights and fixed ratios of atoms inside compounds provided researchers with the knowledge to explore chemical compositions of matter.
Through his lifetime John Dalton became a well known and respectable chemist and physicist and was one of the early proponents of the Atomic Theory. One of his last wills was to get an autopsy of his eyes after death. Unfortunately there wasn’t any bluish liquid found. It was his final experiment and proved that the condition called Daltonism is not caused by the eye itself, but some deficient sensory power.
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BBC July 29, 2004Ever since John Dalton convinced the world of the existence of atoms in 1803, scientists have wanted to do things with them. Nanotechnology takes that ability on to a new plane and opens up all kinds of futuristic imaginings.
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John Dalton was born in England in 1766. He was brought up as a Quaker and at 12 years of age was running the school. He kept a journal of meteorological observations for 57 years and is an acknowledged pioneer of that science. He was honoured for his work on an atomic theory for the elements, was elected to various learned academies, and throughout remained a humble man and a dedicated teacher.
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johnDalton Throughout his life Dalton was interested in the Earth's atmosphere, and he recorded more than 200,000 atmospheric observations in his notebooks. These observations led Dalton to study gases, and from the results of his experiments he was able to formulate his atomic theory. In a book on meteorology, he concluded that the aurora borealis is a magnetic phenomenon. He ... explained the condensation of dew and gave a table of vapor pressures of water at various temperatures. Dalton was the first to publish the generalization that all gases initially at the same temperature expand equally on going to the same higher temperature. His law of partial pressures was included in a paper (1803) on gas solubilities.
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