LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Jim Crow Law: United States
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There was Jim Crow Unionism which excluded blacks from jobs. State institutions, such as hospitals, had segregation laws. Only negro nurses were allowed to care for negro patients. Prisons were ... segregated, as were homes for the aged, the indigent and the blind.
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Once back in the United States, Houston found Jim Crow more entrenched than ever. In 1919 there were 78 lynchings, 10 of the victims were still wearing their army uniforms. In 1922, the Lincoln memorial was dedicated in Houston's home town, Washington, D.C. The people for whom the civil war was fought watched the ceremony behind a rope designated "colored."
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In 1964, the U.S. Congress attacked the parallel system of private Jim Crow practices. It invoked the commerce clause to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which outlawed discrimination in public accommodations (privately owned restaurants, hotels, and stores, and in private schools and workplaces). This use of the commerce clause was upheld in Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States 379 US 241 (1964).
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