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Jesuits
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The first Jesuits, although almost all Spaniards, were trained and made their first vows in France, and the fortunes of the Society in France have always been of exceptional importance for the body at large. In early years its young men were sent to Paris to be educated there as Ignatius had been. They were hospitably received by Guillaume de Prat, bishop of Claremont, whose hôtel grew into the Collège de Clermont (1550), afterwards known as Luis-le-Grand. Padre Viola was the first rector, but the public classes did not begin until 1564. The Parlement of Paris and the Sorbonne resisted vehemently the letters patent, which Henry II and after him Francis II, and Charles IX had granted with little difficulty. Meanwhile the same Bishop of Claremont had founded a second college at Billom in his own diocese, which was opened 26 July, 1556, before the first general congregation.
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There is absolute proof that the Jesuits were behind the awful massacre of Protestants in 1641 by Phelim O'Neill, when the aim of extermination of all Protestants and every trace of British influence became a contagious disease. The index finger of the "Holy" Roman Church pointed the way; the Jesuits and their delegates did the rest. Hector MacPherson, in his book The Jesuits in History, mentions the important facts that before the Rebellion began the policy of seizing land had been abandoned since Mary's day, that the religious question had hardly any practical existence, and there was in fact no religious persecution of Roman Catholics. Even the noted Roman Catholic writer Dr. O'Connor states that "this rebellion […] was started at a time of profound peace" and that down to that moment
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Today, the Jesuits have their main office at Sacred Heart Church in south El Paso. Among the Jesuits serving El Paso are Father Louis Lambert, Chaplain at Loretto Academy. Father Gallagher is an attorney for immigrants seeking political asylum, and Father Sotelo is chaplain at the Jesuit Refugee Detention Center. Father Garcia is pastor of Sacred Heart and the Director of the Diocesan Pro-life.
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Even after the recall of de Beaubois, the Jesuits and Capuchins continued to have problems in Louisiana. In the midst of these quarrels, the Jesuits managed to minister to four tribes: the Arkansas, Yazoos, Chocktaws, and Alibamons. They experienced little success with these tribes. The Arkansas refused to give up their superstition and other pagan practices, the Yazoos murdered Father Souel, the priest that had been sent to them, the Chocktaws launched into a civil war, and the Alibamons became corrupted by the trade of brandy.
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The Jesuits worked all over Latin America; among their number was St. Peter Claver. The most remarkable missions were in Paraguay. In French North America the Jesuits came frequently into rivalry with the government and the other clergy; their missions among the Huron were especially successful, and they made headway among the Iroquois. The “Black-Robes,” as the Native Americans called them, traveled as far afield as Oregon. Some of these Jesuits died as martyrs for their faith (c.1640); six of them have been canonized together, with two of their lay helpers, as the Jesuit Martyrs of North America (feast: Sept. 26). The Jesuit Relations is a firsthand account of Jesuit work in New France.
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Traditionally the Jesuits have reserved their highest regard for missionary work. Francis Xavier (1506 - 52), the first and greatest Jesuit missionary, laid the basis for Jesuit activity in India, Indonesia, and Japan. The Japanese mission particularly flourished until it was wiped out by savage persecution in the early seventeenth century. In China Matteo Ricci (1552 - 1610) founded the Jesuit mission where he and his successors won the protection of the Ming emperors by introducing Western scientific and technical knowledge to court circles at Peking. They pioneered the adaptation of the gospel to Chinese traditions and thought forms, although in this many Catholic critics felt that they had gone too far. Their writings introduced China to the West.
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