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Jean-Paul Marat
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Jean-Paul Marat (May 24, 1743 – July 13, 1793), was a Swiss-born French physician, philosopher, political theorist and scientist best known as a radical journalist and politician from the French Revolution. His journalism was renowned for its fiery character and uncompromising stance towards the new government, "enemies of the revolution" and basic reforms for the poorest members of society. His persistent persecution, consistent voice and uncanny predictive powers brought him the trust of the people and made him the main bridge between them and the radical Jacobin group that came to power in June 1793. For two short months, leading up to the downfall of the Girondin faction in June, he was one of the three most important men in France, alongside Danton and Robespierre. He was stabbed to death in his bathtub by the Girondin sympathizer Charlotte Corday.
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Jean-Paul Marat was at first a doctor and teacher, before he itself, aroused enthusiasm by him aim to the French revolution, dedicated to the policy. He became as a newspaper publisher the megaphone of the masses which chose him the representative of the National Assembly. As such he fought on most sharp ones against the Konterrevolutionisten. In 1793 he was knifed by Charlotte Corday with a long culinary knife. More about Jean Paul Marat:
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One day before the fourth anniversary of the French Revolution Jean-Paul Marat was assassinated in his bath. On the 13th of July 1793 ended the life of a man who devoted the greater part of his life to support the lowest part of the French people. Among other things he propagated that powerless people could get more power by attacking leading persons.
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This study demonstrates how the image of Jean-Paul Marat, Revolutionary journalist and Jacobin deputy, was manipulated, both during and after the French Revolution. A wide range of media, including funeral orations, newspapers, festival programs, song-sheets, prints and paintings, as well as the work of 19th- and 20th-century historians, is utilized to demonstrate Marat's symbolic importance to the political struggles of revolutionary and post-revolutionary France. Competition between various revolutionary factions for the right to possess and define Marat's heroic image is documented, as are the ways in which that image served to legitimize and project their ideologies. Marat's image as anti-hero is ... considered, with attention focussed upon moderate, federalist, and Thermidorian propaganda. Providing a full treatment of the most important hero-cult of the French Revolution, this study also identifies the importance of heroes and anti-heroes in modern political life.
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The best biography of Marat in English is Louis Gottschalk, Jean Paul Marat: A Study in Radicalism (1927). The author emphasizes the ideas of Marat rather than the detailed facts of his career. There has not been a more recent scholarly biography in English. A much older and very laudatory biography is Ernest Belfort Bax, Jean Paul Marat: The People's Friend (1900).
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Jean-Paul Marat