LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Iraq: U.S.-Iraq
built 628 days ago
Since hostitilies in reality have not ended, the use of the phrase "Post-war Iraq" is a bit misleading. During this current phase of the U.S.-led occupation of Iraq, there is a blurring of the edges between old institutions and identities and newer ones. Until more clear labels appear, much use will be made of "old" vice "new" in Iraq.
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Revelations in May of U.S. abuse of Iraqi prisoners at Abu Ghraib prison in late 2003 and early 2004 sparked widespread dismay and outrage in Iraq, the United States, and the world. The treatment of prisoners at Abu Ghraib was termed “tantamount to torture†in some cases by the International Committee of the Red Cross in a report leaked in 2004, and in 2005 Amnesty International accused the U.S.-led forces of using torture in Iraq.
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In December 1999, Iraq was authorized to export unlimited quantities of oil through OFF to finance essential civilian needs including, among other things, food, medicine, and infrastructure repair parts. The drop in GDP in 2001-02 was largely the result of the global economic slowdown and lower oil prices. Per capita food imports increased significantly, while medical supplies and health care services steadily improved. The occupation of the U.S.-led coalition in March-April 2003 resulted in the shutdown of much of the central economic administrative structure. The rebuilding of oil infrastructure, utilities infrastructure, and other production capacities has proceeded steadily since 2004 despite attacks on key economic facilities and continuing internal security incidents. Despite uncertainty, Iraq is making progress toward establishing the laws and institutions needed to make and implement economic policy.
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Following the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, the Coalition Provisional Authority was established and an interim constitution signed in March 2004. On June 30, 2004, the Coalition Provisional Authority transferred 'sovereignty' to the Iraqi Interim Government. The Iraqi Transitional Government (ITG) was elected on January 30, 2005, pending the finalization of a new constitution in 2006. [1]
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Iraq was invaded in 2003 by a U.S.-led coalition of forces, principally including the United Kingdom and Poland, who removed Saddam Hussein from power. Although some transfer of power to an Iraqi interim government has occurred, the country remains occupied by 120,000 US and coalition soldiers. Rebuilding on a massive scale inside larger cites has occurred, thanks to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. However, ongoing attacks from U.S. soldiers against its resistors, and vice-versa have made it particularly dangerous, especially inside the "Sunni Triangle".
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The United Nations established international trade sanctions against Iraq, but Hussein did not withdraw his troops. U.S.-led coalition forces began air attacks on Iraq on Jan. 16, 1991, which led to a ground invasion to retake Kuwait. During this time, Iraq launched Scud missiles against both Israel and Saudi Arabia. Iraqi forces quickly succumbed to coalition troops and were forced out of Kuwait. While suffering heavy casualties, Iraq retained its elite Republican Guard, and Hussein remained in power. UN inspections imposed as part of the conditions for ending the war found evidence of chemical warheads and of a program to produce materials for nuclear weapons; Iraq destroyed some chemical weapons under UN supervision.
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