LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Io: Images
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In truth, from a conventional perspective, the filamentary structure of this and other volcanic plumes on Io will never be adequately explained. The astrophysicists and astronomers who analyze these images have begun to gain ground... since New Horizons has returned stunning examples of the electrical connection with Jupiter.
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A bright polar feature is visible on several ISAAC images of Io, obtained through a narrow-band filter at 4.07 µm, cf. PR Photo 21f/01. In this waveband, the effect of reflected sunlight is negligible and the image resolution is the best. Applying a basic filtering algorithm, the sharpness of this image was further enhanced. The recorded emission is found to correspond to the Tvashtar hot spot that was discovered by NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) in November 1999 and observed simultaneously by the Galileo spacecraft during its I25 flyby. Such outbursts normally have a short lifetime, less than 1 month, and a very high temperature, more than 1000 K (700 °C).
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Haemus Mons is a mountain located near the south pole and in this image near the terminator of Io. Its base measures about 200 by 100 kilometers (124 by 62 miles). Several mountain peaks are found on Io some measuring as high as 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) tall. (Credit: Calvin J. Hamilton)
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The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has been used to observe Io. For example, between March 1994 and July 1995 a major brightening (eruption) was observed at Ra Patera. HST has ... observed eruption plumes from Pele such as the one shown in the above image. Plume height is about 400 km. These observations allow estimates of the plume density, composition, and mass and detection of rapid changes in plumes.
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Auroral glows in Io's upper atmosphere. Different colors represent emission from different components of the atmosphere (green comes from emitting sodium atoms, red from emitting oxygen atoms, and blue from emitting volcanic gases like sulfur dioxide). Image taken while Io was in eclipse.
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