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Inventions
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Inventions are one of the chief examples of "positive externalities" (an economist's name for a beneficial side-effect that falls on those outside a transaction or activity). One of the central concepts of economics is that externalities should be internalized: unless some of the benefits of this positive externality can be captured by the parties, the parties will be under-rewarded for their inventions, and systematic under-rewarding will lead to under investment in activities that lead to inventions. One important economic effect of the patent system is to capture those positive externalities for the inventor (or the party that hired the inventor), so that the economy as a whole will invest a more-closely-optimum amount of resources in the process of invention.
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The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Inventions and Innovation (I&I) offers financial and technical support to inventors and businesses for promising energy-saving concepts and technologies. I&I selects technologies to receive grants through a competitive process.
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Referring to the list of 36 human-competitive results produced by genetic programming, the table below provides additional information on 21 of these human-competitive results that relate to previously patented inventions. Eleven of the 21 results in the table below infringe previously issued patents and 10 duplicate the functionality of previously patented inventions in a non-infringing way. The first 10 entries in the table below refer to problems that were solved in Genetic Programming III: Darwinian Invention and Problem Solving (Koza, Bennett, Andre, and Keane 1999). The last 11 entries in the table below are described in Genetic Programming IV: Routine Human-Competitive Machine Intelligence (Koza, Keane, Streeter, Mydlowec, Yu, and Lanza 2003). The last six entries in the table below relate to patents for analog circuits that were issued after January 1, 2000.
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The American Pavilion, which featured large numbers of inventions and improvements in agricultural machinery, was at first criticized by the British press. However, certain products, including Colt's revolver, McCormick's reaper, and Day and Newell's patent lock changed British opinion and demonstrated the U.S. potential for becoming a leading industrial power. Rising in the pavilion's center was a trophy of vulcanized rubber by the Goodyear Rubber Company.
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Gutenberg creatively combined these inventions to devise the printing press. Gutenberg used the printing press to put ink on hundreds of individual letters. These letters were engraved in slabs of brass. These letters were arranged in words, sentences, then paragraphs. After this stage as many copies as needed could be made quickly. When a different page was need the individual letters had to be completely rearranged.
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The American economy is driven by new products and new inventions. That's why the USA is #1. So if you think you might have a valuable idea, then get on board before someone else does. Complete the form and receive the professional materials and personal attention that only The InventSAI Network can provide. Do it today!
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