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Interstate Commerce Commission
built 500 days ago
The creation of the Interstate Commerce Commission was the result of widespread and longstanding anti-railroad agitation. Western farmers, specifically those of the Grange Movement, were the dominant force behind the unrest, but Westerners generally — especially those in rural areas — believed that the railroads possessed economic power that they systematically abused. A central issue was rate discrimination between similarly situated customers and communities. Other potent issues included alleged attempts by railroads to obtain influence over city and state governments and the widespread practice of granting free transportation in the form of yearly passes to opinion leaders (elected officials, newspaper editors, ministers, and so on) so as to dampen any opposition to railroad practices. Some behavior was presumably less common; the muckraker Charles Edward Russell claimed that the railroad that served his hometown had refused to ship newsprint to a newspaper editor because the editor had attacked the railroad in print.
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The Interstate Commerce Commission was a former independant agency of the US Government, created by the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 and existing until 1995. It was the first independent agency. Its mission was to regulate common carriers such as railroads and trucking.
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Organization.--The Interstate Commerce Commission consists of eleven members appointed by the President. From its membership the Commission selects a chairman. The Commissioners appoint the Secretary, Chief Counsel, directors of bureaus 9other than the Director of the Bureau of Locomotive Inspection, who is appointed by the President), and such other assistants, attorneys, examiners, special agents, and clerks as are necessary for the performance of the Commission's duties. The act authorizes the Commission to create divisions, and a decision of a division (of not less than three members) has the same force and effect as a decision of the Commission itself, subject to the entire Commission, in its discretion, granting a rehearing. Under this authorization, there are now five divisions in the Commission. The Commission is ... empowered under certain conditions to delegate work to boards of three or more eligible employees.
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At a hearing of the Interstate Commerce Commission, held at Pittsburgh on Sept. 13, Eller admitted he ran the “Spirit” through a “stop” signal shortly before the accident. Eller, described by media reports as “a spare and graying man,” had worked for the Pennsylvania Railroad for 48 years and had never been in a major wreck before. He was a native of Tuscarawas.
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Creation and Authority.--The Interstate Commerce Commission was created as an independent establishment by the Act to Regulate Commerce, of February 4, 1887 (24 Stat. 379, 383; 40 U.S.C. 1-22), now known as the Interstate Commerce Act. Subsequent legislation has strengthened the authority of the Commission and broadened the scope of its jurisdiction.
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The Interstate Commerce Commission was created in 1887, and its annual report series dates from that point. The annual reports include transportation highlights, economic statistics, management activities, litigation and legislation, as well as mobilization planning for defense.
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Interstate Commerce Commission