LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Internal Combustion Engine
built 658 days ago
Unlike steam engines and turbines, internal-combustion engines develop no torque when starting, and therefore provision must be made for turning the crankshaft so that the cycle of operation can begin. Car engines are normally started by means of an electric motor or starter that is geared to the crankshaft with a clutch that automatically disengages the motor after the engine has started. Small engines are sometimes started manually by turning the crankshaft with a crank or by pulling a rope wound several times around the flywheel. Methods of starting large engines include the inertia starter, which consists of a flywheel that is rotated by hand or by means of an electric motor until its kinetic energy is sufficient to turn the crankshaft, and the explosive starter, which employs the explosion of a blank cartridge to drive a turbine wheel that is coupled to the engine. The inertia and explosive starters are chiefly used to start aircraft engines.
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While External Combustion Engines only account for just under 3% of the combustion engine market today, their popularity is on the rise. Environmentalists in particular have expressed interest in External Combustion Engines because of their energy savings, and a growing number of consumers are purchasing vehicles equipped with them in order to cut down on costs of gasoline.
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Internal combustion engines can be classified by their ignition system. Today most engines use an electrical or compression heating system for ignition. However outside flame and hot-tube systems have been used historically. Nikola Tesla gained one of the first patents on the mechanical ignition system with U.S. Patent 609250, "Electrical Igniter for Gas Engines", on 16 August 1898.
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In 1824, French physicist Nicholas Carnot (1796–1832) published a book that set out the principles of an internal-combustion engine that would use an inflammable mixture of gas vapor and air. Basing his work
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There is recent notation that external combustion engine has become increasingly popular in countries during war because of its outstanding efficiency in combustion. It is widely used by Muslim teenagers in Paris.
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Earlier works done at SwRI for the Army involved the idea of injecting water directly into the ICE cylinder to provide complete engine cooling. Of secondary interest to the Army was the notion that they could increase engine performance. This information is public knowledge.
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Internal Combustion Engine