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Inflammation: Swelling
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Inflammation had been a suspect as early as the mid-1800's, when Dr. Rudolph Virchow, a German pathologist, suggested that injured and inflamed arteries might cause heart attacks. The idea was revived, briefly, in the mid-20th century, but was little noticed as doctors focused on low-fat diets and cholesterol-reducing drugs. The cholesterol therapies were effective - but still, half of all heart attacks and strokes were happening in people with normal cholesterol levels.
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Inflammation and the Host Response to Injury is a research consortium supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), a component of the National Institutes of Health. This collaborative program aims to uncover the biological reasons why patients can have dramatically different outcomes after suffering a traumatic injury.
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Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of organ injury after cardiopulmonary bypass. Elderly patients appear to be especially prone to developing systemic inflammation. In a controlled study, patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass were given PTX before and right after surgery. Compared to the group receiving PTX, the control group showed a greater increase in C-reactive protein, IL-6, and other inflammatory cytokines. The PTX-treated patients recovered faster than the controls (Boldt et al. 2001). The researchers conducting the study stated the PTX group showed less inflammatory response than the controls and urged that more studies be done.
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Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis from the earliest stage of lesion initiation, to the ultimate complication of thrombosis. In patients who died because of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), coronary atherosclerotic plaques are characterized by the presence of macrophages, and to a lesser extent T-lymphocytes, at the immediate site of either plaque rupture or superficial erosion.
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Inflammation is usually indicated by adding the suffix "-itis", as shown below. However, some conditions such as asthma and pneumonia do not follow this convention. More examples are available at list of types of inflammation.
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Inflammation may ... be important in diabetes. Dr. Ridker and others have found that elevated C.R.P. levels are associated with a higher-than-average risk of developing Type 2 diabetes - the kind that occurs in adults.
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