LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Infections: Risks
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Case-fatality rates for S dysenteriae infections may approach 30%. Patients with malnutrition are at increased risk of having complicated course. Shigella infection in malnourished children often causes a vicious cycle of further impaired nutrition, recurrent infection, and further growth retardation.
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In persons with diabetes, foot infections can cause substantial morbidity and are the most common nontraumatic cause of amputations. The major predisposing factor to these infections is foot ulceration, which usually is related to peripheral neuropathy. The most common lesion is the infected diabetic "mal perforans” foot ulcer. The accompanying table lists the risk factors for foot ulceration and infection.
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Athletes who undergo intensive training or participate in endurance races (such as a marathon) are at increased risk of developing infections. In a double-blind study, marathon runners received either glutamine (5 grams immediately after the race and 5 grams again two hours later) or a placebo. Compared with the placebo, supplementation with L-glutamine reduced the incidence of infections over the next seven days by 62%.34
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