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Industrial: Industrial Revolution
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The machines of the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and early 19th centuries were simple, mechanical devices compared with the industrial technology that followed. Many new products were devised, and important advances were made in the system of mass production.
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The real impetus for America entering the second Industrial Revolution was the passage of the Embargo Act of 1807 and the War of 1812. Americans were upset over an incident with the Chesapeake whereby the British opened fire when they were not allowed to search the ship. They ... seized four men and hung one for desertion. This resulted in much public outrage and the passage of the Embargo Act which stopped the export of American goods and effectively ended the import of goods from other nations. Eventually, America went to war with Great Britain in 1812. The war made it apparent that America needed a better transportation system and more economic independence.
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The great economic and cultural shift called the Industrial Revolution began in England in the late 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. City populations exploded during this period, which marked the transition from mostly agricultural economies to those dominated by machine-based manufacturing.
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Industrial Revolution