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Indira Gandhi
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Indira Gandhi was the prime minister of India from 1966-77 and 1980-84 and one of the most famous women in 20th century politics. Her father was Jawaharlal Nehru, independent India's first prime minister (1947-64), and Indira spent her life amid Indian politics. In 1959 she was elected to the presidency of the Indian National Congress, and in 1964 she was elected to the parliament. When Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri died in 1966, Gandhi was chosen as a compromise candidate to replace him. She was elected to the office in 1967 and advanced an ambitious program of modernization. In 1975 she was convicted of violations stemming from the 1971 election and the High Court ordered her to resign.
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Indira Gandhi was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, first Prime Minister of the Union of India. She was involved in India's independence movement. In 1942, she married Feroze Gandhi. Mrs. Gandhi rose through the ranks of the Congress Party and in 1964 she became Minister for Broadcasting and Information.
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Indira Gandhi has the distinction of being the first woman Prime Minister of India not once but four times – 1966, 1967, 1971 and 1980. She ... fought a war against Pakistan in 1971 in the cause of Bangladesh. Belonging to the family of the Nehrus of India, Indira Gandhi breathed the spirit of patriotism even from her early youth. A woman with extraordinary courage and a will of her own, she came in conflict with the members of her party who differed from her on various matters of national interest. Following the split in the Congress in 1969, the party she led came to be called Congress (Indira). She was defeated in the elections of 1977.
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After Shastri's death in 1966, Indira Gandhi served as prime minister until India held the next election. She won that election, and in 1967, became one of the first women ever elected to lead a democracy. In 1971, Gandhi was re-elected by campaigning with the slogan "Abolish Poverty." However in 1975, Gandhi was found guilty of violating election laws. Later, the conviction was overturned by the Supreme Court of India. Also, to control population growth, Gandhi implemented a voluntary sterilization program. As a result, adversaries criticized her and her administration in general.
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In 1966, following Shastri’s death, Indira Gandhi served as prime minister until India held its next election. She won that election, and in 1967, became one of the first women ever elected to lead a democracy. In 1971, Gandhi was re-elected by campaigning with the slogan "Abolish Poverty." However, in June 1975, a court found Gandhi guilty of using illegal practices during India's 1971 parliamentary election campaign. Gandhi's opponents demanded that she resign from office because of the conviction, but she refused. Criticism of Gandhi grew, and she declared a state of emergency two weeks after the court ruling. She had her major opponents arrested and imposed press censorship.
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Indira Gandhi was born to Kamla and Jawaharlal Nehru on November 19, 1917. She graduated from Visva-Bharati University, Bengal and ... matriculated at Oxford. In 1938 she became active in India’s independence movement and joined the National Congress party. When India won its independence in 1947 Jawaharlal, her father, then a widower, became prime mister of India. Gandhi accompanied him on trips and became his official hostess. In 1955 she was elected to the executive body of the Congress party.
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Indira Gandhi