LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Hydrochloric Acid: Water
built 606 days ago
Hydrochloric or [M]uriatic acid is generally made by the action of sulphuric acid on common salt. It is a by-product of the Leblanc soda process, and in the early years of the industry was allowed to escape into the air, as the demand for it was small. But the nuisance caused by the acid fumes in the neighborhood of the alkali works became so great, that in England a very stringent law was enacted forbidding the soda makers to allow more than 5 per cent of the gas to escape into the atmosphere. This made it necessary to absorb the acid fumes in water. The provisions of the present" Alkali Act" permit only 0.2 grain of hydrochloric acid per cubic foot of chimney gas to be discharged into the atmosphere.
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Rats (4/sex/group) were given 0, 280, 420 or 560 mMol/kg hydrochloric acid in the diet for 7 weeks. Approximate doses were 0, 511-613, 767-920 or 1022-1226 mg/kg/day. Water intake was significantly increased with hydrochloric acid ingestion. There were no significant effects on food intake, body weight gain, hemoglobin, hematocrit or blood pH. As part of the same study, rats were given 0, 312, 625, 937 or 1250 mMol/kg hydrochloric acid in the diet for 9 weeks. Approximate doses were 0, 569-683, 1141-1369, 1710-2052 or 2242-2638 mg/kg/day. The treatments with 937 and 1250 mMol/kg diet resulted in death of all rats with the average survival time being 51.2 and 19.1 days, respectively.
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Small amounts of dilute hydrochloric acid can be flushed down a sink with a large quantity of water, unless local rules prohibit this. Larger amounts should be neutralised before disposal. Concentrated acid should not be flushed down a sink.
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By chemical, the most pollution came from copper and zinc compounds, hydrochloric acid, and lead, manganese, arsenic, nitrate and barium compounds. Sixty-nine percent of the chemicals went into the land, 27 percent into the air and 4 percent into the water.
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