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Hungary: Governments
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Hungary is considering legalizing prostitution, making the estimated 10,000 prostitutes in the country taxable by the government. Budapest alone may have 7.500 prostitutes, 2/3 of which are in massage parlors and others on the streets. (police sources, police expert Akos Borai, "Hungary considers legalized prostitution," http://www.nando.net, 1 December 1997)
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As part of its EU membership agreement, Hungary agreed to meet the economic criteria necessary to join adopt the euro. In 2005 and 2006, it became clear that not only was a high budget deficit (at one point in danger of surpassing 10% of GDP in 2006) hurting the economy, but that Hungary would have to endure EU scrutiny and possible sanctions associated. Against this backdrop, Prime Minister Gyurcsany proposed and launched a sweeping austerity program to attack Hungary’s budget deficit, by raising taxes, decreasing subsidies, and streamlining the public sector. Businesses have complained that the increased taxes and greater enforcement costs have decreased Hungary's competitiveness, but the positive affects of the deficit are clear. With a goal of cutting the deficit from over 9% if GDP in 2006 to 6.8% of GDP in 2007, the government has exceeded its targets and attained a deficit of 5.7% of GDP for the year. With an official target approaching 3% in 2009, Hungary may yet attain success in controlling government spending.
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Owing to its wide stretches of pasture-land Hungary is admirably suited for cattle-raising, and in the government " economies " the same care has been bestowed on improving the breed of horned beasts as in the case of horses. The principal breeds are either native or Swiss (especially that of Simmenthal). The export trade in cattle is considerable, amounting in 1905 to 238,296 head of ' An admirable account of this " little world, which produces almost everything and is almost self-sufficient " is given by M. Gonnard in his Hongrie au XX me siecle, p. 159 seq.
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Many observers believe the law's real purpose was to bolster Hungary's foreign policy goals and image in the West and that there was never any real commitment to improving the situation of minorities, especially Roma, within the country. It is perhaps telling that, in the first draft of the legislation creating the new self-government system, Roma were not on the list of protected minorities; only after vociferous protests did the Parliament include them.
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The Soviet Army invaded Hungary in September 1944. It set up an alternative government in Debrecen on 21st December 1944 but did not capture Budapest until 18th January 1945. Soon afterwards Zolton Tildy became the provisional prime minister.
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