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Human Genome Project: World
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In February of 2001, scientists delivered a complete map of the human genome. In fact, two competing teams of scientists published two all-but-identical genome maps in different journals in the same week. This remarkable news made headlines all over the world because it meant that finally disease researchers would have a full account of every base pair in the human genetic code on which to focus their search for genetic disease. Just as remarkable, though, was the fact that the two teams, one government-led and one privately owned, finished their genome maps a full five years ahead of schedule.
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All of the sequence data generated by the Human Genome Project has been swiftly deposited into public databases and made freely available to scientists around the world, with no restrictions on its use or redistribution. The information is scanned daily by researchers in academia and industry, as well as by commercial database companies providing information services to biotechnologists.
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HISTORY WAS made in biology when the rough draft of the human genome was released on 26th June 2000, three years ahead of schedule. In 1990, with advanced knowledge in genetics many scientists realised that a map and sequence of the human genome had to be initiated. This is equivalent to the quest and challenge for mapping the world or the human body (anatomy), during different stages of human history.
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This enhances the opportunity for the human race to rid itself of disease and unwanted genetic traits. On the other hand, the discoveries made by geneticists bring controversial issues to the forefront. The moral and ethical issue that arose regarding Darwin's On The Origin of Species pales in comparison to the magnitude of the ethical dilemma that the HGP presents. The ethical and moral problems that the HGP faces are probably the most complex and important issues that will ever be addressed by the world.
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In the early years of operation, HGS used automatic gene sequencing technology to compile one of the largest databases of human and microbial genes in the world ("Human Genome Sciences", 1999). Today, HGS lists technologies that include gene isolation, sequencing, bioinformatics, molecular biology, protein chemistry, cell biology, pharmacology, high-throughput biological screening, drug formulation, and manufacturing ("Pipeline", 2000).
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