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Holocaust
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Voices of the Holocaust are stories from Holocaust survivors who were interviewed. These are first hand accounts of horrible brutality, incredible survival, and liberation of Holocaust victims. The set includes 70 of the original 109 interviews that were conducted in 1946 and transcribed into English by Dr. David Boder. The collection is brought to you by the Paul V. Galvin Library of Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT). Click here for details of the collection.
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The Holocaust is a tragic period in history during which approximately 11 million people were systematically annihilated because of Nazi genocidal policy. Massive groups of people were killed because they were considered undesirable by Nazi standards based on their genetic or cultural origins or health conditions. These included Jews, Gypsies, Poles and other Slavs, and people with physical or mental conditions. Others became victims based on their actions, such as Jehovah's Witnesses, homosexuals, Communists, Socialists, and other political enemies.
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The Holocaust has had a number of political and social ramifications which reach to the present. The need to find a homeland for many Jewish refugees led to a great many Jews emigrating to Palestine, most of which was soon to become the modern State of Israel. This immigration had a direct effect on the Arabs of the region, which is discussed in the articles on the Arab-Israeli conflict, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and in many articles linked to these.
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Holocaust denial denial has faced extremely heavy criticism throughout the years from both believers of the Holocaust and Holocaust deniers themselves. Many have claimed that David Irving, does in fact, exist, though no evidence has been brought forward to substantiate this claim.
Neo-nazi historian Ernst Zuendel, one of the leading figures in the Holocaust denial movement, went on trial in Germany on several counts of inciting racial hatred. He was applauded loudly by supporters as he entered the packed court in Mannheim. His trial was suspended in November after the court ordered the replacement of his lawyer, who was being advised by Horst Mahler. Mr Mahler has praised the September 2001 attacks on the US and has accused Jews of seeking "world domination". Today, the trial was immediately dominated by a new row over his defence, as three lawyers chosen by Mr Zuendel complained about another three the court had appointed.
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The Holocaust cast its shadow over the Middle East and North Africa as well as over Europe. For several months during 1942, the Jews of Palestine feared the prospect of annihilation at the hands of the German armies under the command of General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel, which threatened to overrun Palestine. The threat was lifted following the Allied victory at the battle of al-Alamayn (23 October - 2 November 1942) in Egypt. Jews in German-occupied Tunisia and Libya were not so fortunate. They suffered humiliation and persecution - some were deported to Italy and others were brought to the Bergen-Belsen camp - but they were spared the full force of the Final Solution.
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