LYCOS RETRIEVER
Hittites: Central Anatolia
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The Hittites arrived in Anatolia towards the second millenium BC. They absorbed much of the Babylonian civilization and long enjoyed a monopoly of iron Asia. This, combined with the use of the chariot, gave the Hittites a military superiority over Egypt and other Mesopotamian states. The victorious raid against Babylon in 1590 BC was the climax of the first Hittite empire, followed by a period of decline. Then, in the first half of the fourteenth century, came a revival of power. This second era saw a Hittite hegemony stretching from the shores of the Mediterranean to the Persian Gulf.
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When the Hittites, who lived north of the Black Sea, migrated into Anatolia that region was already occupied by native people, the Hattians. Their arrival and diffusion had been peaceful and accompanied by intermarriage and alliance with the natives. So well did the Hittites integrate themselves into the local culture of central Anatolia that they even adopted the worship of several native deities.
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The Hittites were unknown to the modern world until 1900 AD, when a tablet with an unknown inscription was excavated. The tablet was later translated and gave the world the information of their existence. Hattie was their home land and Hattusas was the name of their capital. It is situated in Central Anatolia region of modern Turkey and in the town of Boghazköy about 210 kilometres east of Ankara.
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The Hittites ruled in central Anatolia, modern-day Turkey. Theirs is the oldest recorded Indo-European language, and many of their words, such as water, are similar to those in use today in English, a related language. The Hittites were ... responsible for transferring traditions and myths between Mesopotamia and the West, to Greece and Rome, van den Hout said.
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In addition to the cuneiform script imported from Mesopotamia, the Hittites ... used a picture writing form (hieroglyphs) which can be seen on their seals and public monuments. Their rapid adoption of a new cuneiform script made the Hittites the first known literate civilization of Anatolia.
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Between 1400 and 1200 BC the Hittites established one of the great empires of the ancient Middle East. At its height, the empire encompassed central Turkey, north western Syria, and Upper Mesopotamia (north eastern Syria and northern Iraq).
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